Isifo esinjenge-amblyopia sibonakala ukuthi iso elilodwa ngokwezinga elithile (noma ngokujwayelekile) alithinteki ekuboneni umbono wokubukwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinxenye zesimiso sezinzwa ezibhekene nombono wehlisa umthamo noma kungenzeki neze. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia ezinganeni kunzima, futhi ngezinye izikhathi akuphumelelanga nhlobo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa, lapho ukuqalwa kweso sekuphelile.
Ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia
Okokuqala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sifo asidluli ngokweminyaka, asiziphulukisi ngokwayo, ngakho-ke kunoma yisiphi isimo sidinga ukwelashwa. Okokuqala, ingane kufanele ihlolwe, emva kwalokho i-ophthalmologist iqala uhlelo lwezokwelapha. Isigaba sokuqala sokwelashwa ukucacisa imbangela, eyasiza njengentuthuko ekuthuthukiseni i-amblyopia. Ukuqhubeka kulokhu, hamba lokhu noma lokho ukwelashwa.
Ukulungiswa okubonakalayo
Uma lesi sifo sibangele ukuphazanyiswa kwi-optics yeso, isiguli siboniswa amalense oxhumana nawo noma izibuko. Lapho eseyingane, ukukhethwa kwezibuko kunezici ezithile futhi kwenzeka ezinyathelweni eziningana. Lungisa ukukhubazeka okubukwayo kufanele kube ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma udala isithombe esicacile ku-retina (ngosizo lwama-lens noma izibuko), lokhu kuzokusiza ekuthuthukiseni umbono. Abazali kufanele baqonde ukuthi ukugqoka izibuko kufanele kube njalo, kanti ubuciko obubonakalayo buhlolwe kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi konyaka cishe akunakwenzeka ukugqoka izibuko, ngakho-ke ama-lens axhumene nawo asetshenziswa kulokhu. Ikakhulukazi iphathelene namacala lapho umntwana enesifo sofuba esine-congenital myopia. Noma kunjalo, akunakwenzeka njalo ukwandisa umbono kuphela ngosizo lwezibuko. Ngezinye izikhathi izidakamizwa ziyadingeka - ukwelashwa okhethekile, okwenziwa ngemva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwengu-4 emva kokulungiswa kokulungisa.
Ukwelapha okuhlinzwa
Ukwelashwa okunjalo kuyadingeka, isibonelo, nge-cataract yokuzalwa futhi, uma kunesidingo, isetshenziselwa i-nystagmus, i-strabismus, i-corneal opacity. Uma i-cataract ephelele yesifo sofuba isitholwa, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila. Kodwa-ke, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa akuyona ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia, kodwa kuphela isinyathelo sokulungiselela ukwelashwa esizayo.
Ukwelashwa okuphambili
Ngemva kokwenza ukulungiswa kwe-optical noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, bayaqhubeka ngqo ekwelapheni kwe-amblyopia.
Izindlela zokwelashwa kwe-pleoptotic
Ukungena. Okusemqoka kwendlela yokuvala iso eliphilile kusukela enkambweni yombono, okubangela ukuba iso "elivila" lisebenze. Ukwenza lokhu, kusetshenziswe izinhlobo ezahlukene zemilenze: i-raber ebhokisini, epulasitiki noma eyenziwe ngokwakhe, eyenziwe ngendwangu e-opaque noma ephepheni elibi. Imodi yokugqoka imilenze inqunywa ochwepheshe. Ukugqoka njalo kungadingeka kuphela kubantwana abane-strabismus. Njengoba i-amblyopia, njengomthetho, ukugqoka i-occluder idinga amahora ambalwa ngosuku. Ubude benkambo yokwelapha kusuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya eminyakeni emibili.
Ukufakela phansi. Ukuze "uvale" iso eliphilile kusukela enkambisweni, ungasebenzisa hhayi kuphela umonakalo, kodwa futhi namaconsi akhethekile athululela umfundi. Le ndlela isetshenziswa, njengomthetho, kulawo maqiniso lapho ingane encane kakhulu futhi ingagcini imodi yokugqoka i-Occludor.
Ukukhuthazwa kwe-retina (electro-, laser-, photo-, stimulation magnetic); ukuzwa ngevidiyo nge-computer izinhlelo zokwelashwa (isibonelo, "iTire", "Crosses", njll); ukuqeqeshwa optical ekhaya ("uphawu eglasini"); ukuphathwa kwezinto ezibukwayo ekhaya (ukuhlobisa, ukudlala ngemininingwane encane).
Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwezokwelapha, okubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina isikhathi: ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale ngaphambi kokuba ubuchopho bufunde ukucindezela iso lokugula kuze kube phakade.
Ilanga elinesiliso "elivila" kufanele lithathe izifundo ezintathu kuya kwezine zezikhalazo ngonyaka ngamunye. Uma ukwelashwa kungakapheli, noma ingane ingagqoki umonakalo, ubuciko obubonakalayo obufinyelelwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kungancipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-amblyopia ingabuya. Yingakho kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo ezinqunyiwe futhi njalo uza ophthalmologist ukuze uhlole. Ukubonwa kwemibandela yengane ene-amblyopia yenziwa kuze kube yilapho ilulame ngokuphelele.