Ukwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis ekuqaleni

I-osteoporosis yinkinga yokugula, ihambisana nokuncipha kwamandla amathambo amathambo. Ukuthuthukiswa okusha ezindleleni zokuxilonga kwenza kube lula ukuthola lesi sifo ekuqaleni. Imininingwane oyothola ku-athikili ethi "Ukwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis ekuqaleni."

Isifo esivamile samathambo esithambo somzimba. Leli gama liqondwa njengeqembu lezinkinga zomzimba ezibhekene nokunciphisa inani lamathambo esithambo ngenkathi ligcina isakhiwo. Eziningi zeziguli, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-osteoporosis kuhlotshaniswa nenqubo yokuguga ngokwemvelo (idiopathic osteoporosis). Yileli fomu lesifo esivame ukubonwa kwabesifazane emva kokuqala kokuya esikhathini, kanye namadoda amadala. I-osteoporosis ingabangelwa ezinye izici, isibonelo, ukuthatha ama-steroids aphezulu ngokudakwa ngokweqile, isifo sikashukela, i-hyperthyroidism.

Ukulahlekelwa kwe-bone mass

I-odiopathic idiopathic ihambisana nokulahlekelwa kwe-3-10% yethambo lamathambo ngonyaka, futhi le nqubo ishesha kakhulu kwabesifazane kunamadoda. Isilinganiso sokuqhubeka kwesifo singathinteka nezici ezinjengezinto eziphilayo eziphathelene nezakhi zofuzo, isisindo samathambo esiphezulu, umsebenzi owenziwe ngokomzimba, uhlobo lokudla okunomsoco wama-hormone (ikakhulukazi i-estrogen). I-osteoporosis iyinkinga ejwayelekile kakhulu futhi ayikwazi ukuphathwa kahle, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyibona ngokushesha ngokuhlola. I-osteoporosis ihambisana nenengozi eyengeziwe yokwehlukana kwamathambo, ngisho nokulimala okuncane-ngokwesibonelo, ukuwa okuvamile kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-hip. Lokhu, kuholela ekutheni i-syndrome ezwakala ubuhlungu, iningi lezinguquko ezingenakuguqulwa emzimbeni wesisulu, kanye nokwanda okukhulu kwezindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ngakho-ke, ukutholakala kwe-osteoporosis ekuqaleni kwesikhashana kuwumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Ukungenelela kwezokwelapha okufika ngesikhathi kukuvumela ukuthi umise noma uhlehlise ukulahlekelwa kwamathishu emathambo. Impilo namandla wamathambo axhomeke ekulinganeni kokukhula kanye nokulungisa kabusha amathambo. Izicubu ze-Bone ziqukethe inani elincane le-calcium. Lizinga lakhe elisebenza njengesibonakaliso sokulinganisela kwethambo lamaminerali (BMD).

I-Bone ukwakheka

Ngokuvamile, amathambo emasipha ahlanganisa ama-cortical (dense) (80%) ne-spongy (spongy) (20%) izendlalelo. Emathanjeni omgogodla lokhu isilinganiso kulandelana ngokulingana 34% no 66%. Kusukela ukuvuselelwa kwe-spongy bone layer kwenzeka izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili ngokushesha kunama-cortical, umgogodla wendawo esengozini, isimo esingahle sikwazi ukwahlulela ubukhulu besithambo samathambo.

"Inhlanzi" yama-vertebrae

Ukunyamalala kwe-trebeculae enezingqimba. I-trabeculae esele ehamba phambili yenza imbangela eqondile yemizimba ye-vertebral. Ukulahlekelwa kwe-trebeculae futhi kuholela ekugxilweni okubukhali kwezingqimba ze-cortical layer phezu kwe-roentgenogram, okudala uhlaka lwezici ezungeze imizimba ye-vertebral. I-tomography yekhompyutha ye-lumbar spine yokuzimisela kwe-MKT emgqeni we-spongy we-vertebrae ingasetshenziswa i-computed tomography. Le ndlela yenza sikwazi ukukhipha ekutadisheni i-vertebra enesibindi, eyakhiwa ngokubunjwa kwama-osteophyte nge-arthrosis I enqubo yokuguga kwemvelo. I-absorptiometry ye-X-ray ye-Double-energy (i-DRL) iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokuzimisela. Nakuba kungekho uhlelo lokuhlola i-osteoporosis kazwelonke, isifundo esinjalo sinconywa iziguli ezinomlando womndeni, ukudla okunomsoco noma okungavamile ku-radiography yokubukeza. I-DRA ibekezelela kalula iziguli. Ngesikhathi sokutadisha, isiguli sigxile ngokulala embhedeni cishe isigamu sehora. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-X-ray kusetshenziswe kakhulu. Ukulinganisa kwe-bone mass kususelwe ekunqumeni umehluko ngesilinganiso sokumunca kwezimoto ezimbili ze-X-ray. Ukuze uthole inani elilinganiselwe le-BMD, imiphumela ye-DRL ihunyushwe kwifomu lezinombolo. Khona-ke izinkomba zifaniswa nobubanzi obujwayelekile besigaba sonyaka esinikeziwe kanye neqembu lobuhlanga. Imininingwane enjalo, evezwe ngesimo sokudweba, ingasetshenziselwa ukuqapha kwansuku zonke amandla okulahleka kwethambo. Manje siyazi ukuthi i-osteoporosis iphathwa kanjani ekuqaleni.