Ukwelashwa kwezifo zokukhathazeka jikelele

Ukwesaba kuyisimo semvelo esimweni esisongelayo. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo sokukhathazeka siqhubeka isikhathi eside ngokungabi khona kwezizathu zomgomo, kuthatha uhlobo lwesifo somtholampilo esidinga ukwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kwezifo zokukhathazeka okujwayelekile yilokho ozodinga. Izinkinga zokukhathazeka zingathatha izinhlobo ezahlukene, ikakhulukazi:

• isifo sokukhathazeka jikelele - isiguli njalo noma ngezikhathi ezithile sihlangabezana nokukhathazeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esihlose;

• isimo se-panic - isiguli sithuthukisa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlaselwa okungaqondakali okungaqondakali kwesaba;

• ukukhathazeka kwesimo - isiguli sithola ukwesaba okungenangqondo (ngezinye izikhathi), ngezinye izikhathi kushukumisa ukuhlaselwa kwesibindi noma ukubonakaliswa kwemithi yokucindezeleka. Amazwe anjalo afaka ukwesaba ukuxhumana nabantu (ukuhlaselwa kwabantu), ukwesaba izindawo zomphakathi kanye nezikhala ezivulekile (agoraphobia), ukwesaba izilwane (zoophobia);

• I-hypochondria - ukwesaba izifo, ngisho noma umuntu ephilile ngokomzimba.

Ukukhathazeka kwenzeka nini?

Ukukhathazeka ngokuvamile kuvame ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, isibonelo:

• ukucindezeleka;
• isifo sokucindezeleka esilandelayo;
• isifo sezinto eziphoqelekile.

Ukukhathazeka okwandayo kungenzeka ngezifo ezithile ze-somatic, ikakhulukazi nge-thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism) noma ukuhoxiswa ngokuphuthumayo kwamanxeba noma utshwala.

Izimpawu

Iziguli ezinenkinga yokukhathazeka ngokuvamile ziba:

• ukuphikisana nokucindezeleka, ngezinye izikhathi kuhambisana nokunciphisa ikhono lokugxila;

Ukuziphatha okuphazamisayo kwesikhumba;

• ukujuluka okukhulu. Kanti futhi kungase kube nesifiso sokuvuthwa noma ukuyeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli eziningi zithola:

• ukuzwa kokusongela okuzayo (ngezinye izikhathi kuhambisana ne-palpitation);

• umqondo wokuntuleka komoya;

• Umqondo wokuzimela (isiguli sizizwa "ngaphandle komzimba wakhe") noma ukungahlehlisi (konke okuzungezile kubonakala kude noma kungenzeki) - ezimweni ezinjalo, isiguli singase sibe nomuzwa wokuthi "siyahamba";

• ukwanda kwezinkathazo - iziguli eziningi zilahlekelwa ukudla kwazo futhi zinzima ukulala.

Kwabaningi, nakuba kungesiwo wonke amacala, ukukhathazeka kuyisimo esibucayi senkinga yokuphila kwangempela. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezakhi zofuzo ezinkingeni zokukhathazeka, kodwa izici ezivamile ezilandelayo:

• Ubuntwana obungasebenzi;

• Ukungabi nokunakekelwa kwabazali;

• izinga eliphansi lemfundo;

• ubudlova obunezingane;

■ umsebenzi ongenakwenzeka wezinkinga ze-neurotransmitters ebuchosheni (abaxhumanisi bezinto eziphilayo ezidlulisela ukuguquka kwesisindo).

Ukuvama

Ukusabalala kwezinkinga zokukhathazeka kuphakeme kakhulu - emphakathini wanamuhla i-akhawunti yokukhathazeka okunjalo kuze kube yingxenye yazo zonke izifo zempilo yengqondo. Izinkinga zokukhathazeka zingenzeka kunoma yikuphi ubudala, kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kucatshangwa ukuthi abesifazane bahlukunyezwa nabo kaningi kunamadoda. Kodwa-ke, isilinganiso esilinganiselwe sokulinganisa kunzima ukusungula, ngenxa yokuthi iziguli eziningi, ikakhulukazi amadoda, azifuni usizo lwezokwelapha. Okungenani ama-10% wabantu abhekana nezimo zokuphazamiseka phakathi nalesi sikhathi noma leyo nkathi yokuphila, futhi abangaphezu kwezingu-3% babhekene nokuhlukunyezwa okunjalo izinyanga eziningi ngisho neminyaka. Ngokwezinga elikhulu lokhu ukuphulwa kuthinteka ngabameleli beqembu elidala iminyaka engu-25-44. Uhlobo oluthile lwe-phobia yezenhlalo lubonakala ku-1 kwabangu-200 amadoda nakwabesifazane kwabangu-3 kwabangu-100. Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sokukhathazeka ngokuvamile kusekelwe emlandweni wempilo. Ukukhipha izifo ze-somatic ezihambisana nezimpawu ezifanayo, ezifana ne-hypoglycemia, i-asthma, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuthatha noma ukuyeka imishanguzo noma izidakamizwa, isithuthwane, i-vertigo, inamba ye-laboratory nezinye izifundo. Kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi kukhona ukugula kwengqondo okuhambisanayo, okungaveza ukukhathazeka okukhulu, njengokucindezeleka noma ukucindezeleka komqondo. Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezikhathazayo ngokuvamile kudinga inhlanganisela yezindlela zokwelashwa nezingqondo, kepha iziguli eziningi zenqaba ukunakekelwa kwengqondo, zikholelwa ukuthi zihlushwa uhlobo oluthile lwesifo se-somatic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ngokuvamile ziyesaba imiphumela emibi yemithi enqunyiwe.

I-Psychotherapy

Ezimweni eziningi, ukululekwa kwengqondo kwengqondo nokuhlonza izingxabano zangaphakathi kusiza. Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa kokuziphatha okunengqondo kunomphumela omuhle. Ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kungabangela ekuthuthukiseni amasu okuphumula futhi kunqobe ukucindezeleka. Ngama-phobias, indlela yokwehliswa kwemisebenzi ehlelekile isiza. Ngesekelo lochwepheshe, isiguli sifunda kancane kancane ukubhekana nesimo esesabekayo noma into. Ezinye iziguli ziyasizwa yi-psychotherapy yeqembu.

Imithi

Izidakamizwa ezivame ukushiwo ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zokukhathazeka zihlanganisa:

ukuthula - okunye okulungiselelwe kuleli qembu, isibonelo i-diazepam, kungenziwa kubekwe izifundo kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-10. Uma usebenzisa, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amaminithi asebenzayo amancane ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kokulutha nokuthembela. Imiphumela emibi yezinxushunxushu zihlanganisa ukuzondeka nokubunjwa kwengqondo; ama-anti-depressants - angabangeli ukuthembela okunjalo, njengama-tranquilizers, noma kunjalo ekufezeni umphumela omkhulu okungadingeka emavikini amane. Emva kokunquma umthamo osebenzayo, ukwelashwa kuqhubeka isikhathi eside (izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu). Ukuyeka ukuhlala ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungaholela ekugqaseni kwezimpawu; i-beta-blockers - ingasiza ekunciphiseni ezinye izimpawu zokukhathazeka (izinhliziyo, ukuzamazama). Kodwa-ke, izidakamizwa zaleli qembu aziba nomthelela oqondile ekuboniseni kwengqondo, njengokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo nokukhathazeka.