Yimuphi umonakalo ongakwazi ukuletha ukunambitheka?

Ngamunye wethu uthanda ama-chips, ama-croutons, ama-bouillon cubes namanye ama-condiments. Phela, akuzona nje okumnandi, kepha futhi unikeza ukunambitheka okukhethekile ezitsha zethu. Kodwa imikhiqizo efana nayo iphephile kanjani empilweni?


Okumangalisayo "E"

Ngokuvamile, ngaphansi kwe-E, izinto eziphephile zifihliwe. Isibonelo, i-E300 yi-ascorbic acid, i-E330 yi-citric acid. Kodwa incwadi E ayisho lutho nhlobo ukuthi isithako siphephile noma cha. Ibonisa nje ukuthi le nto ihlanganisiwe ohlelweni lokubala lokuthumela umhlaba jikelele. Ama-modifier kanye nama-enhancer flavor anezinombolo E640-641, E620-625. Banika ukunambitheka kwenyama kuma-noodle, ama-chips anambitha ushizi, futhi ama-chewing gums anambitha i-peach. Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyi-chemistry. Kodwa lokhu akunjalo. Eqinisweni, wonke ama-amplifiers anambitha ngokuphelele imvelo futhi anezinto ezikhona empeleni.

I-Glutamic acid

Isithuthukisi esikhulu sokunambitheka yi-glutamic acid. Iyingxenye yazo yonke imikhiqizo yamaprotheni yemvelo: kokubili empandeni yesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, nenyama. Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu kuqukethe ama-kombu ase-seaweed, ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukudla kwaseJapane. Kwakuvela kulezi zindawo lapho ngo-1908 le-asidi yakhishwa.

Ekuqaleni, kwakungasetshenziswanga ukudla, kodwa njengenhlangano ethakazelisayo futhi ekhuthazayo yokugula kwengqondo. Konke ngenxa yikhono lakhe lokudlulisela ngokushesha izimo zesibindi. Ngemva kwesikhashana ososayensi bathola ukuthi liyakwazi ukuthinta ama-buds. Ngakho-ke, ekugcineni kwasetshenziswa njengenhlanganisela yokudla.

Inkathi yezikhulisi

Ngokushesha kakhulu, ososayensi baqaphela ukuthi ukunambitheka akukwazi ukuthuthukisa kuphela, kodwa futhi ukulingisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umkhiqizo usebenza ngokucubungula noma ugcinwa isikhathi eside, ngokushesha ulahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwawo. Kanye nezimfanelo zokunambitheka, iphunga lilahlekile, okusho ukuthi isidingo somkhiqizo siqala ukwehla. Kodwa uma i-glutamate ingeziwe kumkhiqizo, izophinde iphinde igcwale ukunambitheka okudingekayo, okuzohlala isikhathi eside. I-Glutamic acid, noma kunalokho izakhi zalo (glutaman potassium ne-sodium, guanylate ne-ino-Asian) inombala ohlaza.

Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ngemva kokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwalokhu okuthuthukisayo, i-American neurophysiologist uJohn Olin waphawula ukuthi i-glutamate sodium yabangela umonakalo ebuchosheni bamagundane. Nokho, eJapane, ezinye imiphumela ziye zaphawulwa ezilwaneni: umonakalo ku-retina wamehlo nesistimu yezinzwa. Lokhu kuyakhathaza wonke umuntu. Abantu abangama-30% abavame ukudla ukudla nge-sodium stglamate, baqala ukukhononda ngokuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ikhanda, umkhuhlane kanye nobuthakathaka emisipha. Lezi zimpawu zibangelwa "i-Chinese restaurant syndrome", njengoba i-glutamate isetshenziswe ngokujulile ekudleni kwe-Chinese.

Ngemva kwesikhashana ngemuva kwe-hype evuselelayo, kwaqalwa ukuhlolwa okusha, lapho kwafakazelwa khona ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-glutamic acid akuhlobene nalezi zimpawu. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi leli cala laphakanyiswa ngokukhethekile. Namuhla, i-glutamate ifakiwe ebhalweni lamazwe omhlaba we-WHO (Ikhodi Yamazwe Yamazwe Wokudla Okuvamile, avunywe yi-UN) njengezinto ezingenakulimaza ngokuphelele.

Ngenkathi kungekho ucwaningo olusemtholampilo luqinisekisile ukulimala kwe-glutamate nezinye izithuthukisi zokudla.

I-Antisup

Naphezu kwazo zonke ezingenhla, iningi lethu lisalokothi lithembele ekuthuthukiseni ukunambitheka. Futhi hhayi ngeze. Phela, ezimweni eziningi, azisebenzi ngempela. Kodwa ngesinye isizathu. Amaplifiers of ukunambitheka asetshenziswa ezimweni ezimbili. Esikhathini sokuqala, uma udinga ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka. Esimweni sesibili, zengezwa uma kudingeka ukufihla ikhwalithi ephansi yomkhiqizo noma inani layo lokudla okunomsoco. I-Glutamate ivame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni emide yesitoreji kanye nemikhiqizo ye-ayisikhilimu ephansi. I-amplifier cishe cishe i-mushroom, inhlanzi, inyosi, imikhiqizo yokupheka isigqila, kanye nabakhaki, iziphuzo ze-chips nama-sauces, ama-bouillon cubes. I-glutamate yengezwa cishe yonke izitsha zokudla okusheshayo zokudla. Abaningi bathanda isobho esheshayo. Kodwa abaningi bacabanga ukuthi yini eyenza lesi sobho: amafutha noma izimila, ama-flavour, i-pepper nosawoti, ama-enhancers wephunga nokunambitheka, isitashi, i-maltodextrin, konke kuyizithako zesobho. Ngezinye izikhathi ungakwazi ukwengeza ukhilimu owomile omncane, imifino eyomile noma inyama, ama-crackers. Kanjalo kuyacaca ukuthi ngeke kube nzuzo kulowo mnikelo.

Kodwa akufanele sisabe ukuthuthukiswa kokunambitheka ngokwabo, kodwa ngemikhiqizo ephansi kakhulu lapho zonke lezi zithako zengezwe khona.

Izitha zalesi sibalo

Abantu abavame ukudla ukudla okuqukethe i-glutamate, ngokuvamile banesisindo esiningi. Futhi lokhu kufakazelwa ochwepheshe. Yonke ibhizinisi yilokho imikhiqizo eminingi equkethe ama-flavor enhancers angaphezulu kwekhalori kunokudla kwasekhaya. Ngisho noma iphakheji lisho ukuthi umkhiqizo uqukethe umhluzi wenyama yemvelo noma into enjengaleyo, ungakholelwa. Ngisho noma "ama-broth yemvelo" anjalo anziwe ngesisekelo semifino yemifino nemfuyo efanayo, isitashi kanye nesinambitheka esiqinile. Enye yokukhonza iqukethe cishe ama-khalori angu-170. Kodwa esitsheni sesobho esenziwe ekhaya kuzoba khona amakholori angu-100 kuphela.

Amazambane ahlambulukile anamanzi kanye nama-noodle nawo ayingozi kumuntu. Zine isitashi esisodwa, amafutha omnqumo, ufulawa (hhayi izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu), i-soda iyodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka kube khona amatare, ama-flavor enhancers, ama-flavorings we-pepper. Uma sivame ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo efanayo, ngokushesha ukuzenzela kuqala kuvele kungabonakali. Ngakho-ke, sesiyaqala ukusebenzisa lezi izitsha.

Kungani siqondiswa kusuka ekuthuthukiseni ukunambitheka

Abaningi bezokwelapha kanye nodokotela baye bafunda le ndaba, futhi sebephetha ngokuthi i-mucosa yethu yesisu isabela kumnandi. Ekhanyayo, i-asidi esebenzayo iqala ukukhiqizwa ngokuhlukaniswa kokudla. Ngakho-ke, ama-amplifiers angaba usizo nakakhulu kumazinga okulinganisela kulabo bantu abahlukunyezwa ngokunciphisa kwe-juice esiswini. Ngenxa yokukhulisa, ukugaya ukudla kukuthuthukisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho sidla ukudla nge ukunambitheka hlangothi, inqubo yokugaya isinciphisa, okusho ukuthi umuzwa wokuphuza umzimba uhlala isikhathi eside. Ukudla okuningi kusebenza kulo mgomo. Futhi ama-chips, ama-croutons, amasobho okuphuthumayo ngakho-ke kuphela ukukhipha ukudla. Yingakho abathandi bokudla okusheshayo bengaphezu komzimba.

Ama-hostages of ukunambitheka

Uma usebenzisa ukudla nge-flavor enhancers ngokulinganisela, ungagcina isibalo sesimo esihle. Kodwa hlobo luni lokujwayelekile olungeke lwenze umonakalo nempilo? I-World Health Organization yaqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ngaphezu kwama-2 amagremu ngosuku ongadla ama-flavor enhancers. Thola ukuthi zingaki zazo eziqukethwe kulo mkhiqizo akulula kakhulu. Ngokusho komthetho weRussian Federation "On Protection of Rights Consumer", umkhiqizi angacacisa kuphela igama lokufakelwa kokudla, kodwa hhayi umthamo wayo. Kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukugqithisa kwama-amplifiers kwimikhiqizo akunakwenzeka. Phela, ngubani ozoqala ukudla pereperchennuyu noma ngaphezulu-usawoti. Kodwa uma usuku ngalunye ludla ezindaweni zokudlela zesiShayina nokudla okusheshayo, ungahamba kude kakhulu nesimiso se-glutamine. Futhi kanye nalokhu, futhi uthole ukulinganiselwa okungacabangeki kokushukela, amafutha nezinye ukudla okungahambi kahle okungabangela imiphumela ehlukahlukene: kusuka kokudla kokudla kuya ekukhulupheni.

Ngakho-ke, amantombazane othandekayo, adle kahle. Zama ukugwema ukudla okulungiselelwe ngokushesha futhi upheke ukudla kwakho okuwusizo ekhaya.