Ziyini ama-antibiotics?
Ngakho-ke izinto ezikhiqiza ama-microorganisms ekubhujisweni kwamanye ama-microorganisms. Kodwa ngokuvamile ama-antibiotic adidekile ngama-antimicrobial, izidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antibacterial. Ukugcina - ukudalwa kwezandla zomuntu, okungukuthi, kungathathwa kusuka emvelweni, kepha kuhlanganiswa ebhokisithri. Lokhu kuhlanganisa, isibonelo, ukuvula ngaphambi kwe-penicillin sulfonamides (ukusakaza, amabhishobhi), kanye ne-nitrofurans kanye ne-fluoroquinolones. Benza, kubonakala, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, imiphumela yokudla kwabo emzimbeni womuntu afana nalawo ama-antibiotic. Yingakho bavame ukudideka. Kodwa-ke, kunomqondo ojwayelekile wezidakamizwa zokulwa nezifo, ezihlanganiswa ngama-antibiotic.
Kungani unikeza ama-antibiotics ku-ARVI?
Empeleni, akukho ama-antibiotic abulala amabhaktheriya, kodwa hhayi ama-virus. Ama-ARIs amaningi anesifo semvelo, aphathwa ngezidakamizwa ze-antiviral kanye nama-immunoglobulins. Kodwa ngisho nokubandayo okujwayelekile ngokumelene nesizinda sokuzivikela okunciphise kungenza kube nzima ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya. Isibonakaliso saso esivamile yizinga lokushisa elingahlali izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinhlanu noma kuqala liyehla, bese liyehla ngokushesha. Kule ndaba kuphela udokotela ubeka izidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antibacterial. Kodwa "ukuvimbela" ukutholakala kwemithi elwa namagciwane ngesikhathi se-ARVI akuvikela ukubhekana nezinkinga zebhaktheriya, kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, kuyasiza. Phela, i-antibiotic igxila ekukhuleni kwamakhemikhali "evamile" okuyizwayo futhi ngaleyo ndlela ihlanza amagciwane ukuze ahlinzekele ukutheleleka.
Iziphi izifo ezingadingeki ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic?
Ngaphezu kwe-ARVI, izifo eziningi zibangelwa amagciwane: umkhuhlane, isishukela, i-rubella, isikhumba senkukhu, isifo se-parotitis, i-hepatitis A, B, C, i-mononucleosis ephathekayo. Uma kungabikho izinkinga, abaphathwa nge-antibiotics. Imithi ye-antibacterial ayisebenzi ku-fungi, ama-worms ne-lamblia. Ezinye izifo - i-diphtheria, i-botulism, i-tetanus - ayibangelwa ama-bacteria, kodwa nge-toxins ukuthi i-microbes iyashesha. Ngakho-ke, baphathwa ngezinhlelo ze-antitoxic.
Ukungezwani komzimba ku-antibiotic
Ama-antibiotic angabhekana nezifo, kodwa ngenhlanhla, ukusabela okwethusa akuvamile kakhulu. Ngendlela, uma imithi ishiwo "ekhelini", ukungezwani komzimba akunakwenzeka ukuba kuvele, ngoba ukutheleleka okuningi kwama-bacteria kunciphisa ukulungelelwa kwezinto eziphilayo. Kodwa uma i-antibiotic inqunywe ngokungalungile, ingozi yokuthola ukungezwani komzimba ingaphezulu, ungathathi ama-antihistamine; mayelana nokuvuka kwemithi kuyadingeka ukukwazisa udokotela masinyane, uzosula umuthi bese uwushintsha omunye. Esikhathini sokuphendula okwakunakekwa ngaphambili, kufanelekile nokwazisa udokotela ukuthi akazange abeke ukulungiselela ngokungafanele ngamalungiselelo.
Kungani i-antibiotic kufanele idakwe kuze kube sekupheleni?
Uma i-antibiotic ikhethiwe kahle, izoshintsha isimo sibe ngcono esikhathini esisodwa noma ezimbili. Kodwa uma uyeka le nkambo, amabhaktheriya asele emzimbeni azokhula nokumelana nemithi, kubuyelwa kabusha, okuzokwelashwa kanzima. Ezimweni ezinzima, njengomthetho, i-antibiotic inikezwa ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu emva kokudonsa kokushisa. Kodwa hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi: i-angina, isibonelo, iphathwa okungenani izinsuku eziyishumi.
Kungani ungeke unike ingane yakho imishanguzo?
Imithi ye-antibacterial - izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa. Futhi bonke benza ngendlela ehlukile nangama-bacteria ahlukene. Abanye - "ochwepheshe" bancane, abanye - iphrofayli ebanzi. Imithi engaqondwanga kahle ngeke ibe yinto engasebenzi (kanti ukubambezeleka ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ukufa kufana nesifo). Ngisho nomthamo wezidakamizwa kufanele ukhethwe hhayi ngokusho okushiwo ebhokisini, kodwa ngabanye, kuye ngokuthi ubudala bomntwana, isisindo, izifo ezingezansi nezifo ezihambisanayo, njalonjalo.
Kungani ungasebenzisi i-antibiotic ngokwakho, esevele isisize kanye?
Ingane eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala, abaneminyaka emibili namashumi ayisihlanu ubudala, idinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile, noma ngabe injalo. Isikhathi sesibili umuthi ungase ungasebenzi. Futhi udokotela, engazi ukuthi abazali abazimele banikeze kangakanani, bangathola kunzima ukukhetha umuthi osebenzayo.
Uhlobo luni lomuthi olukhululekile kakhulu kubantwana?
Kulula ukukala amathebulethi ahlanganisiwe, ama-syrups, ukumiswa kanye nama-powders, amaconsi. Izifo - ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Iziphi izidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antibacterial eziphikisanayo ezinganeni?
Ama-fluoroquinolones angabangela izifo zokukhula; aminoglycosides - ukunikeza izinkinga ezindlebeni nasezinsweni. I-Tetracycline idonsa i-koqweqwe lwawo lamazinyo akhula, ngakho-ke ayinqunyelwe abantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Abanye odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi izingane akufanele zibeke imishanguzo yezidakamizwa zesizukulwane sesine, okwanele ukuthatha kanye ngosuku: zihlupha umzimba. Kodwa-ke, phakathi nodokotela kukhona nemibono ehlukile.
Ingabe ama-antibiotics adala i-dysbacteriosis?
Ama-antibiotics, abulala i-pathogen, ngesikhathi esifanayo acindezela izitshalo ezivamile zomzimba. Kodwa hhayi bonke hhayi njalo. Ama-antibiotic amaningi ajwayelekile awabangeli ukuphazanyiswa komthambo wamathumbu. I-Dysbacteriosis ingenzeka kakhulu uma inkambo yokwelashwa ide, futhi imithi elwa namagciwane - isenzo esiningi sesehlakalo. Uma i-lacto- ne-bifidobacteria isetshenziselwa ukubuyisela imithi yamathumbu, le nkambo kufanele ibe okungenani amasonto amabili.