Ingxenye 1. Ingqikithi encane
Uma ukholelwa izichazamazwi - futhi uma kungenjalo, ngubani okholwa kuleli zwe nhlobo? - igama elithi "ubuciko" lisho ikhono lokuqonda ukudala:
a) into entsha
b) enenani.
Ingxenye yesibili yencazelo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngoba kucacile ukuthi cishe noma yimuphi umuntu angavela nge-videl teardrop - kodwa le mikhiqizo emisha ngeke idingeke noma ubani. Namuhla, kunezinkolelo eziningi ezichaza ukuthi kungani abanye abantu abahlakaniphile bengabhala amahlaya, izingoma kanye nama-robot, kanti abanye abenzi.
Ingqondo yomuntu ingafaniswa ne-sandbox. Uma uthele amanzi esihlabathini, kuqala ukusabalala endaweni encane, bese uqala ukujula imbobo bese uqoqa lapho. Kuyafana nekhanda. Izinkinga (futhi ngokuvamile idatha) ngamanzi ashiya amathrekhi. I-Pit yindlela yokucabanga.
2. Izifanekiso zisiza ukuqaphela isimo bese uphendula ngokushesha. Kwanele ukugubha kanye ne-cactus ukuyeka ukuthenga.
3. Njengoba beqoqene ndawonye, amaphethini ahlanganisa ukucabanga okuqondile ("inkundla yokulinga nephutha"). Kuyasiza ekuxazululeni imisebenzi yansuku zonke yansuku zonke. Ukungena emaphethini wegodi, ulwazi lugeleza phansi, lujulise.
4. Ukucabanga okuqondile kubulala ubuciko. Umuntu ocabanga ngamaphetheni akakwazi ukucabanga nganoma yini entsha. Ngoba ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuhamba ngaphezu kwencazelo evamile, ukuphula isifanekiso, ukufunda ama-horizons amasha wedatha. Bonke abacwaningi abangenhla baye bahlakulela izindlela zabo zokuthuthukisa umqondo ongajwayelekile, wokucabanga. U-De Bono ufundiswe ukuvumela "amanzi" eceleni, ngakho igama lendlela yakhe: ukucabanga kamuva (okuvela egameni lesiLatini elithi "lateral"). U-Altshuller wadala amaphuzu angu-76 ukuze alethe umqondo ngaphandle kokujwayelekile. U-Osborne uthembele engqondweni yeqoqo, ekholelwa ukuthi iqembu labantu likhala ngokungafani nhlobo, ngenxa yalokho, lihlakaniphile kunamalungu ayo onke, libonisa ngokujulile inkinga. Kodwa okwanele lokho. Lungisa ubuchopho, ake siwaphule.
Ingxenye 2. Imikhuba eminingi
Futhi nansi izivivinyo ezithembisiwe. Ngamunye wabo uhlose ukuthuthukiswa kwesici esithile sokucabanga. Uma ufunda futhi udwebe ipensela hhayi kuphela into, kodwa futhi nezincwadi okukhulunywe ngayo kuwo, ungaba nengqondo futhi, ikakhulukazi, ufunde ukudweba. Ngaphandle kwamahlaya.
Isimo! Ukungabi nokuzigxeka
U-De Bono ukholelwa ukuthi abantu baba stupider yobudala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu abadala baqala ukubeka imingcele emcabangweni. Izixazululo eziningi zenkinga zixoshwa ngokuthi "ziphukuphuku" noma "ziyingane". Lapha, isibonelo, ukuhlolwa okudumile okunomfanekiso. Ngesikhathi u-Edward ebonisa izingane futhi wabuza ukuthi uyini, - noma yimuphi umfana wesikole obizwa ngokuthi izinketho ezingamashumi amane: indlu engenambhobho, ingenalutho yendiza yephepha, ibhakhodi le-chocolate. Abantu abadala bathi ukuphakama kwezinketho eziyishumi. Bathi, njengomthetho, baziqhubela ngokwezibonelo ze-geometry futhi bachaza isibalo njengesikwele ngesinexantathu phezulu noma isixande esinezintathu. Ungacabanga? Umuntu uyakwazi ukusika izinketho ezintathu zokukhetha ukuxazulula inkinga (futhi noma yisiphi isithombe sesivele singumsebenzi, isichazamazwi sokuhumusha) ngenxa nje yokuthi ayiyona ingathí sina futhi kuthiwa ayifanele umuntu ocabangelayo! Abantu abadala abakusho ngisho nalezi zindlela, bebheke ngokucophelela futhi balinde umuntu obeka phambili ukuba ahlasele. Abantu bazigxeka, kusengaphambili! U-De Bono uthe le nkimbinkimbi kufanele ilahlwe okokuqala.
Ukuzivocavoca 1
Zama ukuxhuma amaphuzu ayisishiyagalolunye ngezingxenye ezine. Awukwazi ukuqeda ipensela ephepheni. Kulolu cala, umugqa ungadlula ngalunye amaphuzu kanye kuphela.
Isimo 2. Ukushiya kwephuzu lokungena
Olunye uvivinyo lwe-de-Bono lubukeka kanje: abahlanganyeli bamenywa ukudweba isithombe esinganqunywa ezingxenyeni ezine ezilinganayo ukunyakaza okulodwa. Abangu-35% abathintekayo bayeka ngokushesha, ama-50% abeka phambili umqondo wesiphambano, emincane kakhulu engxenyeni eyinhloko, cishe u-3% wanikeza umphumela oyingqayizivele (u-Edward uwaqoqa). Ngokwesilinganiso, abangu-12% abasalayo baxazulula le nkinga akuyona into edalwe kakhulu, kodwa kuyindlela ethakazelisayo - ngoba bayayisombululo kusukela ekupheleni. Yilokho, okokuqala uhlukanise ephepheni ezine izicucu ezine ezifanayo, bese uzama ukuzihlanganisela kulo mfanekiso. Lona ukushintshwa kwendawo yokungena. Ngubani othi inkinga kufanele ixazululwe ngokufanayo? Futhi kuthiwani uma ucabanga ngokushesha umphumela? Noma zama ukuxhuma ngegama elingavamile? Noma isithombe?
Isimo 3. Imibuzo engapheli
Olunye ikhono lokucabanga okudala, okuyinto izingane ezingcono kunabantu abadala, ukuchithwa kwezisekelo. Kungani ukuduma kuduma? - Ngoba amafu ahlangana nomunye. - Kungani bebhekana? Ngoba umoya uvunguza ngenhla. Futhi kungani bengenakuhlukana? Umsebenzi wengane akusiyo kakhulu ukukukhathala (angase angaqondi ukuthi ukuhlekwa ngumuntu omdala kumnandi kangakanani), bangaki abazofika kuthemplate. Izingane azikwazi ukuthwala izimpendulo ezifana nokuthi "bekuhlale" noma "kuyadingeka". "Ubani oyifunayo?" - baqhubeka nokuphenya kwabo. Lokhu kuvumela ukuba banikeze izahlulelo eziyikhulu ezingabonakali kanye nezidakamizwa ngosuku, njengokuthi "Umama weza, ngoba uyesaba ukugibela ku-elevator." Nawe unga.
Ukuzivocavoca 2
Inkinga kulabo abaziyo ukudlala i-chess - kahle, noma okungenani uyazi ukuthi lezi zibalo zihamba kanjani nokuthi i-pawn iphendukela noma yikuphi isibalo, ifinyelele umugqa wokugcina. Isimo: Umnyama uqala futhi ngehora elilodwa ubeka umbhede enkosini emhlophe. Ukusesha okuqondile kokuhamba akusizi.
Ukuzivocavoca 3
Cishe uyazi lo mdlalo: umlindi utshela isimo. Isibonelo, umuntu ufika ebhasini bese ecela ingilazi yamanzi. U-barman uyamfundisa ngesibhamu. Le ndoda ithi ngiyabonga futhi ngishiya. Noma: indoda nomkakhe bema endleleni engashiyi, umyeni uya epholili, umfazi uvalelwe. Uma umyeni ebuya, ufile, eceleni kwakhe emotweni ungumfokazi, iminyango ivaliwe ngaphakathi. Ukubuza imibuzo engavamile (ku-"yebo" no "cha"), abahlanganyeli bomdlalo kufanele babuyisele isithombe sezenzakalo. Lezi zinto zigcwele kwi-intanethi - zibizwa ngokuthi "zidansa". Bafunda ukubuza imibuzo kuze kube sekugcineni, ngaphandle kokuyeka. Uma umdlalo wekhompyutha ungaqeqeleli abantu ababukhoma, kuze kube sekugcineni ukuxoxa ngenkinga nabalingani noma izihlobo. Unqabe ukwamukela njengezimpendulo "akunakwenzeka" futhi "ngakho wamukelwa".
Isimo 4. Ukucabanga kwesokudla kwesokudla
Lesi sihloko singasaphelele nakakhulu uma singakhulumi ukuthi abanye ochwepheshe bahlobanisa ubuciko nezwe elifanele lobuchopho. Kuze kube ngama-1950, kwakungacaci ukuthi kungani umuntu kufanele agqoke i-walnut ekhanda lakhe - nokuthi kungani ubuchopho akufanele kube ibhola elihle noma i-cube. Izimpendulo zokuqala zamukelwa yiR. R. Sperry waseCalifornia Institute of Technology. Ngenxa yokuhlolwa kwezilwane, wathola ukuthi ama-hemispheres asebenza ngokuzimela.