Muva nje, inani elikhulayo labantu abasebenzayo lisebenzise izakhiwo ezihlinzekwa yi-hypermarket chain ngendlela yemikhiqizo yokucubungulwa nokuqhwa. Futhi akuyona ngengozi - ukubuyela ekhaya ngemuva kwosuku olude noludinayo, abambalwa kakhulu abasebenza besifazane bayothokozwa nomqondo wokuthi usadinga ukupheka ukudla komndeni wonke. Yiqiniso, kulokhu, imikhiqizo yokudla okubandayo esheshayo yinto nje yokuthola, uhlobo lwe "wand wand rescue". Kodwa abambalwa bendlukazi bacabanga ngekhwalithi yokudla okuneqhwa nezitsha, kanye nokuthi bangadliwa nhlobo, ikakhulukazi izingane.
Ukucwaninga okuhlukahlukene kanye nokuqagela kulokhu kuphazamise ngokuphelele abathengi, okungukuthi nathi. Abanye bathi ukudla okubandayo kuyisibusiso sempucuko, ngoba kulula futhi kuyasebenza, enempilo futhi ephephile empilweni. Abanye bawavikela ngokuqinile umbono wokuthi akukho lutho oluphilile emakhakheni afriziwe futhi angeke kube khona, kusukela ngesikhathi ukwelashwa okushisayo zonke izinto eziwusizo zanyamalala kuzo, futhi ngisho nezingozi zingenziwa. Isibonelo, uma umkhiqizo uvinjelwa izikhathi eziningana bese usubanda futhi, awukwazi ukudliwa kamuva. Ngayinye yale mibono inelungelo lokuphila. Kodwa liphi iqiniso? Ake sizame ukuyihlola.
Ngokusho kochwepheshe
Ukuqhwaza kungenye yezindlela ezinempilo kakhulu zokugcina ukudla. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze iningi lezakhi, ngokuphambene nezinqubo zokulondoloza usebenzisa izithasiselo ezilimazayo ezifana nosawoti, ushukela noma uviniga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunambitheka nokuthungwa kokudla okufriziwe emisebenzini yayo kuyinto encane uma kuqhathaniswa nokusha, okungahambisani nokudla okusemathinini.
Namuhla, imikhiqizo yokudla efriziwe isanda kakhulu futhi ithatha umthombo omuhle wemali engenayo, ngoba igcina isikhathi nemali. Kodwa akukho umkhiqizo owodwa ongasindiswa kuze kube phakade ngosizo lokuqandisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule nqubo kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho eyisisekelo yokuhlinzekwa kokudla okunempilo nokuphilile:
- Ukuqhwala, ukuhlanzwa kahle nemikhiqizo yekhwalithi kufanele kukhethwe. Ngoba ngemuva kokuphazamiseka awukwazi ukuwahlanza noma ukuwageza. Uma umkhiqizo usuqalile kusukela ekuqaleni, ngeke wengeze ekuhlanzeni kwesithwathwa. Umkhiqizo onjalo awukwazi ukudliwa.
- Inqubo yokuqhwaza, isivinini lapho umkhiqizo wonke usuhlile khona -18 ° C noma ngisho nokushisa okuphansi kubalulekile. Kulezi ziqhumane, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali nokuthuthukiswa kwamagciwane ezinqamukayo, futhi imikhiqizo ihlala isanda, njengoba yayisesikhathini sokushisa. Okuhle kunakho konke - ukushisa okusheshayo, lapho umkhiqizo ulethwa ekushiseni okuncane emaminithini ambalwa. Amafriji amanje avumela ukuthi lokhu kwenziwe ngaphandle kobunzima futhi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwezakhi zokudla okunomsoco namavithamini.
- Uma sinquma ukukhipha ukudla okunye ngathi, kubonakala kubalulekile ukulungiselela, noma okuthiwa "blanching," okusiza ukugcina ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo. Baye bahlanza ngaphambi kokuhlanzwa, banqunywa futhi bafakwe emanzini abilayo anamanzi, kuphekwe imizuzu engu-3-4 (emva kwamanzi abilayo futhi). Ngakho-ke, isenzo se-enzyme siyeka, okungasenza kube nzima kakhulu ukunambitheka nephunga lomkhiqizo. Ngemuva kokukhishwa emanzini, kumele ihlile, igcwaliswe ngokushesha ngamanzi abandayo noma ifakwe esitsheni esisodwa esigciniwe emanzini e-ice. Kuphela uma umkhiqizo usuphelile ngokuphelele, ungahlanganiswa futhi uqhwaqwe.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kubonisa ukuthi ukudla okugcinwe emazingeni aphansi okushisa kuncishiswe kakhulu ukulahlekelwa kokudla okunomsoco kunalokho okugcinwe ukomisa noma ukugaya. Kodwa ukudla okuneqhwa nokudla okusheshayo kungaba yingozi enkulu empilweni yabantu uma izidingo ezithile zokulungiselela nokugcinwa kwazo zingakapheli.
Izindlela zokudla okubandayo
Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zemikhiqizo yokukhanda yesimanje: ukushisa okusheshayo, okuphakathi nokuhamba kancane. Ukudla okufriziwe okusheshayo yibo abaye bathola inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi "amaqanda okusheshayo". Ngokusho kwakhe, indawo ye-crystallization esiphezulu idluliselwa ngokushesha kuncike ekutheni uhlobo lokudla, izinga lokushisa elifinyeleleke ngesikhathi sokuqina okushisayo kuzo zonke izingxenye zokudla akudluli -18 ° C futhi lihlala lihlala njalo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yokudla okusheshayo kusetshenziselwa kuphela ukusebenzisa izinto eziwusizo ezifreshest zekhwalithi engcono. Ukulungiswa kokukhishwa ngokushesha kwemikhiqizo yokudla kwenziwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezifanele kanye nezindlela ezifanele. Zenzelwe ukunciphisa amathuba okushintsha kwamakhemikhali, ama-biochemical kanye nama-microbiological ekudleni.
Ukuqhaqhazela "ukushaqeka" noma okubizwa ngokuthi "i-blastfreezing" kwenziwa emigqeni yokuqandisa lapho kunezakhi ze-polyurethane ezakhiwa khona. Le ndlela yokuqandisa ifaneleka imikhiqizo yenhlanzi nenhlanzi, inyama, izinkukhu kanye nemifino. Kubonakala sengathi ukuqhwaza kungenye yezindlela eziphephile zokuqinisekisa ukuhlala kwemikhiqizo yenyama, izithelo nemifino. Futhi ngokushesha isithwathwa, okulimaza kakhulu umthelela emikhiqizweni.
Funda amalebula wokudla okubandayo
Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukubunjwa kokuqukethwe kokudla okufriziwe kanye nenani lamakholori kuwo. Izakhamuzi zelulekwa ukuba zikhethe ukudla okucebile amavithamini A no C, amaprotheni, iron, calcium kanye ne-fiber. Ngokuvamile, ingxenye yokudla okusheshayo efriziwe ikhiqizwa ngendlela yokufaka ukudla okusheshayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Inani lamakholori akulo akufanele lidlule 300-350 (ie 12-14 g fat fat, 4.5 g fat fatated, 600 mg noma usawoti ophansi, 0 g. Amafutha Transgenic, 15 g amaprotheni kanye mayelana 3 amagremu cellulose). Kwezinye izimo, noma kunjalo, amakholori amaningi ajwayelekile, ukudla okubandayo kungenakwanele ukudla kwasemini noma isidlo sakusihlwa. Yingakho abanikazi bezondlo abaningi batusa izitsha ezibandisiwe ukuze zilungiswe ngamasaladi, imifino noma izithelo. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okunamandla kwefiber, okusiza ukugcwalisa umzimba ngaphandle kwama-khalori engeziwe, kuzonikezwa.
Ukudla okubandayo noma okufriziwe - okungcono?
Umgomo wokupholisa (nokuqhwala) yinkqubo yamakhemikhali ehamba kancane ekudleni okuthonywa yizinyunyana kanye nama-enzyme. Ukukhula kwamabhaktheriya kumisiwe ekushiseni kwe--5 kuya ku -8 ° C, nokuthuthukiswa kwefungi - ku -11 ° C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga okushisa aphansi anciphisa umsebenzi wama-enzyme, kodwa ungayeki ukukhiqizwa kwawo. Ukupholisa kungabambezela kuphela inqubo yokukhiqiza, kodwa hhayi ukuyivimbela. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yokudla ebomvu inezinzuzo ezicacile, ngoba izinto eziphilayo zihlala kuzo izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu kusukela ngosuku lokukhiqizwa. Ngesikhathi sokushisa, izinga lokushisa ngokuvamile li-18 ° C futhi liphansi, lapho amabhaktheriya akakwazi ukukhula ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokugcina sikhatsi eside.
Njalo ukhethe ukudla okuhlanganisiwe kahle!
Ukupakisha kokudla kuhloswe ukuwavikela ekungcoleni nasezincane ezincane ezilimazayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obukhethekile bokupakisha, ukulahlekelwa kwemikhiqizo ewusizo yemikhiqizo kuncishiswe kakhulu. Ukuqhwala, ukupakisha okukhethekile okudingekayo kuyadingeka. Uma iphasela lilimazekile, ukungena kwemoya akukhawulelwanga, ngenkathi ukudla kuphelelwa amanzi, amaphesenti aphezulu we-fat rancid avela kuwo, futhi izakhiwo eziwusizo zilahlekile ngokungenakulinganiswa. Izinqubo ezingaholela ekushintsheni kokunambitheka nokubunjwa kwezinto eziyingozi nazo zenzeka ngenxa yokupakisha empofu. Kungcono ukuthi lezi zikhwama zifakwe emoyeni, okusiza ukulondoloza amavithamini namaminerali emkhiqizo. Ngenxa yale njongo, ezitshalweni ezinhle zokukhiqiza, kusetshenziselwa amaphampu akhethekile okululaza umoya ngaphandle kwiphakheji, okwenza umshini wokugcoba.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukudla nokupakishwa okulimazayo kungaba yingozi empilweni yabathengi. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kungaholela ekuqotheni, ukugula, ukuhuda noma ukuqothulwa. Akufanele kukhohliwe ukuthi uma imikhiqizo ethintekayo ingeke ibe ngaphansi kwesiqhwa sesibili, njengoba seyilokhu ingafaneleki ukusetshenziswa.
Akungabazeki ukuthi imikhiqizo yokudla efriziwe esheshayo isindisa isikhathi sethu futhi ezandleni zomuntu ophethe izakhono angaba isidlo esimnandi - esiwusizo futhi esihlwabusayo. Kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuntu akanakuze aqiniseke ngekhwalithi ephakeme nemvelaphi yemikhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala imifino ngenkukhu ethosiwe kahle ekhaya kungaba ngcono kakhulu kunezingqikithi ezibandayo.