Iningi lokushisa ebusika-ebusika lenza amagciwane - umkhuhlane, i-parainfluenza. Kukhona ukwehla kokuvikeleka komzimba ngenxa yosuku oluthile lokukhanya, amanani amaningi amavithamini nokuhamba okufutshane. Ukubamba iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwemikhuhlane kanye ne-hypothermia, uma ingane ithole izinyawo ezimanzi noma iqhwa emgwaqeni, futhi ishisa umntanakho, uma egqoke kakhulu efudumele futhi ekhukhumezekile.
Imikhuhlane ehlukene
Sonke siyazi izimpawu ezisemqoka zokubanda noma i-ARI - ikhala eligijima, ukukhwehlela, ukukhipha, ukushisa nokushisa okujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, i-ARI nayo inezici zayo ezibonakalayo ezinganeni ezineminyaka ezahlukene. Kukholelwa ukuthi izingane ezinempilo ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala ezingu-3-6, ikakhulukazi lezo ezincelisayo, zigula ngezifo eziphefumulayo zokuphefumula. Konke mayelana nama-antibodies omama adluliselwa emntwaneni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukukhwabanisa. Uma izinsana zonyaka wokuqala wokuphila zigula ngenxa yobuthakathaka bokuzivikela, lesi sifo sisakazeka masinyane futhi sibangela ukusabela komzimba jikelele: ukukhathazeka, ukuphuka, ukulala nokukhathazeka kwesidlo. Ingane ingakwazi ukwandisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa - kuze kufike kuma-degree angu-38 ngisho nangaphezulu, i-mucous ekhaleni ivuvukala, ibeke izindlebe futhi kungase kube nokuzwa okungathandeki emqaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ARD ezinganeni kuze kube unyaka ogcwele umkhuhlane omkhulu iyingozi ngokuthuthukiswa kwamanzi noma ukuwayeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izifo zokuphefumula zezingane ezincane ziyinkinga eyingozi: i-otitis, sinusitis, i-pneumonia ne-bronchitis. Yonke i-ARD ezinganeni kuze kube unyaka owodwa idinga ucingo kudokotela ekhaya nokwelapha okusebenzayo. Izingane kusukela ngonyaka owodwa kuya eminyakeni engu-3-4 zigula kaningi, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngalesi sikhathi umbuthano wengane yomphakathi ukhula, futhi uqala ukujwayele ukujwayele ukuxhumana naye nge-microflora. Futhi lokhu akukubi: izigameko ezingafika izikhathi ezingu-6-8 ngonyaka kanye ne-ARI, ezenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7, zithi ukuzivikela okuhle nokuqinile - kusho ukuthi umzimba uhlakulela ukuvikelwa. Zonke izimpawu ezingenhla zijwayelekile kubantwana bale nkathi yobudala. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zendawo zitholakala ngaphambili: umphimbo, ukukhwehlela, impumu egijima, futhi izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngokuvamile liyi-38-39 degrees, ukwenqaba ukudla nokubuthakathaka. Izinkinga ngokuvamile azivamile, ngokuvamile i-otitis noma i-bronchitis. Izingane ezineminyaka engama-4 kuya ku-7-8 ubudala zivame ukubekezelela i-AR ngendlela efomula - ngokuvamile ukushisa okuphansi, impumu egijima, ngokuvamile ukukhwehlela nokuphuza komphimbo. Kodwa-ke, zinezindebe ezide kakhulu zesikhashana lezi zifo kanye nokunamathiswa kwezinkinga zebhaktheriya ngendlela ye-tonsillitis (i-tonsillitis), ukwakheka kwesifo esingapheliyo sokutheleleka - isifo esingapheli (tonsillitis) kanye ne-adenoiditis (ukuvuvukala kwe-tonsil palatine).
Indlela yokuphatha ngayo
Ukwelashwa ngokweqile kwe-ARVI ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu akuvumelekile. Kubalulekile ukuba uhlole udokotela futhi ulandele izincomo zakhe. Kodwa ngokuzimela, unganciphisa isimo somntwana: vusa ikhanda lokuphela kombhede womntwana ukuze kube lula ukuhamba kwe-mucus nokuphefumula. I-air endlini kumele ihanjiswe futhi ihambisane nokushisa kwama-20-22 degrees. Kubalulekile ukuhlela umbuso nombhede wombhede isikhathi sempilo embi. Uma ingane enqaba ukudla, ungagcizeleli, ukondla ukudla okubilisa ubisi oluyimifino, oluthile ngamavithamini. Ngaphambi kokuba udokotela efike kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa imithi yamagciwane kanye nemithi elwa ne-antipyretic, okumele isetshenziswe emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwama-38- 38.5 degrees, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokubamba phansi alikhuthazwa - lokhu kuyindlela yokuvikela yomzimba nokuthuthukiswa kwengculazi. Ungasebenzisa izindlela zomzimba ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa - ukusula ngesiponji esincane esinyene emanzini ekushiseni kwamahhala, ngezinye izikhathi ungasebenzisa i-enema nge-20-30 ml yamanzi apholile. Uma izinyathelo zokupholisa umzimba zingasebenzi, amakhandlela noma ama-syrups asekelwe ku-paracetamol noma ibuprofen ingasetshenziswa. U-Analgin (amaphilisi) ne-aspirin ezinganeni azisebenzi. Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kancane, futhi umphumela we-antipyretic awunikelwa, uma ingane ingavinjelwe, kunzima noma ukuphefumula komsindo, udinga ukubiza i-ambulensi ngokuphuthumayo. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, udokotela uzokwazisa, cishe, ukusebenzisa amaqembu amaningana wezidakamizwa. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-antiviral kanye nama-antibiotics, uma uhlobo lwebhaktheriya lokutheleleka luqinisekile, noma ingozi yokutheleleka iphezulu kakhulu. Kwabantwana, amafomu afanelekayo kanye nemilinganiselo yezingane evame ukukhiqizwa - emakhandlela, ukumiswa, ama-syrups futhi okungavamile kakhulu kumathebulethi anesiguli noma ajwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ingane ingenaso isifo sofuba, ungamnika izidakamizwa esitshalweni futhi usebenzise imithi ye-herbal. Ngomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane, umntwana uphuthuma kakhulu futhi ingozi yokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi iyanda. Ngakho-ke, ukuphuza okuningi kuyadingeka, ikakhulukazi ngesimo se-herbal decoctions. Amalungiselelo emifino angasetshenziswa ngendlela ye-inhalation ngomkhuhlane nokukhwehlela, njengama-syrups okukhwehlela, nama-balms angasetshenziselwa ukugubha esifubeni noma emuva. Amantombazane amaningi asebekhulile anganikezwa imifino yemifino yokunisela umphimbo, i-lozenges for umkhuhlane kanye nokukhwehlela, amaphilisi for resorption kanye elixirs for ingestion. Ngokuvamile ngaphezu kokwelashwa ukugcina ingculazi nokulwa nokutheleleka, odokotela batusa ukusebenzisa ama-multivitamini, basiza ukusheshisa ukululama futhi ngokushesha ukunqoba lesi sifo. Futhi emva kokuphulukisa, inkambo ingaqhubeka nokusekela umzimba wengane ngenkathi ebandayo futhi kunciphise ingozi yezifo eziphindaphindiwe.
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ukuvimbela
Izingane ezinomkhuhlane oqinile, azivame ukugula, futhi izifo zazo zilula. Singakuqinisa kanjani ukuvikeleka kwemvuthu ukuze akwazi ukulwa nokuqothulwa kwamaqhwa ekwindla? Ikhambi lemvelo eliqinisa ukuzivikela komntwana usana lomama. Ngakho-ke, i-WHO nabo bonke ochwepheshe bezingane babiza isikhathi eside kunazo zonke ukulondoloza ukubeletha: isikhathi esihle kakhulu sineminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka emibili. Ubisi luqukethe izakhi eziningi namavithamini. Liphinde iqukethe ama-antibodies ezinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane kanye nezici ezivikelayo ezenza umsebenzi osebenza kahle wesimiso somzimba wengane. Kunoma yikuphi ubudala, ukudla okunempilo kunendima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni izifo. Ingane kufanele ithole amandla okwanele nsuku zonke ngokudla, futhi inikezwa ngamafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate, ukudla kwasekuseni kwansuku zonke kwe-porridge namafutha kuzosiza ukugcwalisa ukunikezwa kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane kufanele ithole amaprotheni amaningi, lokhu kuyimithombo yama-amino acids, impahla yokwakhiwa kwama-antibodies - ukuzivikela okuyinhloko ngokulwa nokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, nsuku zonke umntwana kufanele adle inyama noma inhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kahle kwesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba kudinga ukungena kwamaminerali - i-calcium, i-potassium, ithusi, i-magnesium nabanye abaningi. Ngeshwa, ngokuvamile ukudla okunomsoco wezingane ezincane akuhlangabezani nazo zonke izidingo zokuhlinzekwa kwamavithamini namaminerali. Izingane zanamuhla, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni amakhulu, kusukela zisencane kakhulu ngenxa yezimo ezingavumelekile zemvelo nokudla okunomsoco kunokwanela kwamavithamini amaningi kanye nezici zokulandelela. Ngakho-ke, odokotela batusa ngenkathi yemakhaza kanye nesikhathi sonke sokubandayo isikhathi sokuthatha ama-vitamin amalungiselelo. Namuhla, kulungiselelwe ama-multivitamin amalungiselelo kubantwana bamaqembu ahlukene ahlukene, aqukethe amavithamini adingekayo ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba nokuzivikela okuqinile. Abaningi bakhuliswa ngokwanele ngamaminerali kanye ne-trace elements, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, bakhiqizwa ngendlela efanelekayo - ama-pastilles, amathebulethi ahlanzekile, ama-syrups. Futhi, ukugcinwa okuqinile komgudu wosuku, kunconywa ubuthongo obunzima bokuqinisa ukuzivikela, nokulala kwezingane ezinganeni zasenkulisa. Isici esibalulekile ekubunjweni kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi ukuqina kokwemvelo komzimba. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi yomphimbo kanye nekhala, okuhlanganisa ukuwageza ngamanzi, ukuqala ngezinga elifudumele (degrees 30-32), kancane kancane ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa libe lipholile (ama-16-18 degrees). Ngomphimbo, kungenzeka ukunikeza ingane ice cream njengenqubo enzima. Izincomo kanye nezinqubo ezijwayelekile okuhloswe ngazo ukulungisa umzimba wonke. Lezi ziyizinyawo zemilenze nezandla, zihamba zingenamikhono, zihluke imiphefumulo, zisula nezinye izinqubo. Ithonya elihle emzimbeni wokubhukuda echibini. Asikwazi ukuthonya ushintsho lwezinkathi: kokubili ekwindla nasebusika kuyafika ngempela. Kodwa-ke, emandleni ethu ukuthonya into ebaluleke nakakhulu: izimpumputhe zomzimba, usizo kusiqinisa isandulela-ngculazi sayo, siqinise futhi siqine. Futhi uma ngokungazelelwe agule - enze ukugula kwakhe kube mfushane futhi kungabi nzima! Impilo kubantwana bakho!