Emasontweni angama-16, umntwana osesibelethweni ufana nosayizi ku-avocado, ubude bawo buyi-11-11.5 cm, nesisindo salo ngu-80 amagremu. Amaviki amathathu alandelayo uzoba nokuphumelela okukhulu, uzokwengeza isisindo sakhe nokukhula kabili. Iziphetho ezingezansi zathuthukiswa nakakhulu, intamo yaphakamisa ikhanda layo liphakeme nakakhulu. Izinzwa nezamezi zisondele kakhulu endaweni yazo yokugcina. Ngalesi sikhathi, inhliziyo encane iqhuma ama-25 amalitha wegazi nsuku zonke. Naphezu kokuthi amehlo avaliwe, angahamba kancane, izipikili sezivele zikhula emilenzeni.
Indlela ingane iqala ngayo
Kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi izinso nesinye isasebenza ngokugcwele, njalo emva kwemizuzu engama-45 umntwana ngokwakhe uguqule ukubunjwa kwe-amniotic fluid.
Isibindi kancane kancane iba isitho sokugaya, futhi umnsalo obomvu uqala ukwenza imisebenzi ye-hematopoietic. Egazini lomntwana kakade kungenzeka ukuba uthole wonke amaseli ayingxenye yegazi lomuntu omdala, iqembu lawo kanye ne-rezusfactor kakade kunqunywa. Isisu, gallbladder, amathumbu aqala ukusebenza. Yiqiniso, ngenkathi umsebenzi wabo ungabizwa ngokuthi ukuqeqeshwa. Emathunjini e-fetus, okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kuvela, okuqukethe ikakhulu ibhala. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-meconium - indwangu yangempela, iluhlaza okomnyama noma omnyama-oluhlaza okombala.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngeviki leshumi nesithupha, ukunyakaza kwengane kubonakala kwesikrini sokuqapha. Mhlawumbe umama ozayo usezizwa kakade. Futhi uma kungenjalo-ungathukutheli. Ngokuyinhloko, ukunyakaza kokuqala - ukunyakaza kwe-fetal kwenzeka phakathi kwamaviki angu-16 kuya kwangu-20 okukhulelwa: kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Futhi izinyane elilodwa lingasebenza kakhulu kunomunye. Ngisho nomunye umama ekukhuleleni ngamunye imigomo yokuhamba kuqala ihlukile.
Izinguquko kumfazi okhulelwe
Lapho ukhulelwe owesifazane, kungenzeka ukuthi utshele, "kukhanya" ngenxa yomsindo wegazi oye wanda futhi wathululelwa esikhumbeni. Manje umama wesikhathi esizayo uzithanda yena, ngenxa yokunciphisa ama-hormone futhi waya ku-toxicosis. Umqondo wokuzethemba unganezelwa ngokuthi sekuvele amasonto angu-16 okukhulelwa, futhi lokhu kuyinye isigaba, ngemuva kwalokho ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu iyanciphisa kakhulu.
Emasontweni ayisithupha adlule, isisindo sesisu sasingu-140 g, manje sesilinganiselwa ku-250 g. Umthamo we-amniotic fluid lapho umntwana usuke khona, waba mkhulu futhi ulinganiselwa ku-250 ml. Ngalesi sikhathi sokukhulelwa, ungase uzwe isisu esisemkhatsini we-7.5 cm ngaphansi kwenkaba.
Ngeviki le-16, igazi kufanele linikezwe ukucacisa izinga le-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), i-chorionic gonadotropin (HG), ne-estriol engaxhunyiwe (NE).
Ezifo ezithile ezibangela ukukhubazeka (isibonelo, i-Down's syndrome, i-hernia craneocerebral, i-anencephaly, ukuhlukaniswa komdanso wangaphakathi we-peritoneum wengane, njll), lezi zikhombisi egazini labesifazane abakhulelwe zingase zihluke ezivamile. Ngemiphumela yokuhlaziya kungenzeka ukuveza noma ukukhipha ekungeneni kwengane yalezi zinsalela.
Ithonya le-sauna nokugeza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ingane idinga ukugcina ukushisa komzimba othile. Ucwaningo luye lwaveza ukuthi uma ngezikhathi lapho ingane ikhula, izinga lokushisa lomzimba womama imizuzu eminingana landa ngezinga elithile lezindiza, lokhu kungalimaza kakhulu ingane. Kungcono ukungalingani ne-sauna, ibhuku lokugeza. Akukaziwa ukuthi ngabe i-solarium ithonya ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus, ngakho-ke kuyilapho kufanele futhi ikhishwe.
Amaviki angu-16 okukhulelwa: izifundo
Ungenza ubusuku obuthandana nomlingani wakho. Lapho umntwana efika kuyoba nzima ukunika isikhathi sokuba yedwa. Kufanelekile ukusebenzisa noma yiliphi ithuba lokuhlala yedwa.
Amaviki ayisithupha ayisithupha okukhulelwa
Isikhathi sokubeletha singamaviki angu-16 - ngalesi sikhathi ingane ibhekwa njengeyasebenza. Izinga lokuphila lezingane ezizalwa emva kwamasonto angu-23 landa ngesonto ngalinye lokukhulelwa. Futhi uma umntwana ezalwa ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi, udinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo isikhathi eside.
Inkinga yezinsini zokugaya abesifazane abakhulelwe
Izinsini zokuphuza (gingivitis yabesifazane abakhulelwe). Mhlawumbe, usuyazi isizathu. Ama-hormone afanayo "awakhulelwe" athinte amangqamuzana ekhanda lamangqamuzana ezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zomzimba enza izinguquko emgodini womlomo. Kudingekile ukuba ulungele ukwanda okunamandla nokuzwela kwezinsini, ukulimala nokulimala okulula lapho uxubha amazinyo akho nge-toothbrush, intambo. Gde-ukuthi ngenyanga engama-4 yokukhulelwa kuyadingeka ukuvakashela udokotela wamazinyo. Umsunguli wezinsuku, ochwepheshe bokuhlanzeka ngomlomo noma udokotela wamazinyo uzokusiza ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala kwezinsini noma izifo ezihlukahlukene ezingabangelwa izinguquko ezenzeka emlonyeni. Njengoba abesifazane abakhulelwe benengozi enkulu yokubola kwamazinyo nokubukeka kwe-gingivitis, ukuvakashela udokotela wamazinyo nokuhlanzeka komlomo okufanele kube yinto ebalulekile yezinyathelo zokwelapha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma udinga ukuhlanza izinyo, i-x-ray izinyo noma isenzo sokubulala umzimba angeke sibe nomthelela omubi emntwaneni. (Uma ukhulelwa noma unomsolo wokukhulelwa, qiniseka ukuthi utshele udokotela wamazinyo, futhi nge-X ray yezinyo uzonikezwa i-apron evikelayo, ezofaka isisu). Uma, ngezinkinga zenhliziyo ngaphambi nangemva kwenqubo, udokotela wamazinyo kudingeka asebenzise ama-antibiotic, kufanelekile ukwazisa udokotela mayelana nokukhulelwa-naphezu kokuthi ama-antibiotics asetshenziswe kulezi zimo ngokuvamile aphephile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso zokuthi izixazululo zasemakhaya zizosiza kanjani ukugwema lezo zinguquko ngezinsini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa azibi nakakhulu nakakhulu.
- Kunconywa ukuba udle izithelo nemifino eningi enevithamini C. Ezinyosi, imikhiqizo enokuqukethwe kwe-calcium ephezulu iyasiza kakhulu.
- Izikhathi eziningana udinga ukuhlanza umlomo wakho ngezindlela zokulwa nesifo se-antiseptic. Emva kwenqubo yokuhlanza, khipha isikhala, futhi ungayigwinyi.
- Kufanelekile ukusebenzisa i-toothbrush, ene-bristle esithambile engabangeli izinsini eziphuma egazini.
- Udinga ukuxubha amazinyo kaningi kaningi, emva kokudla konke. Ungakwazi ukuthwala unamathisela ohlangene, i-toothbrush.
- Ngokuvamile (okungenani kanye ngosuku) shayela amazinyo akho ngentambo.
- Kubalulekile ukucabanga ngokusetshenziswa kwebhayisikili ye-ultrasound, ephumelela kakhulu kunokulula, isusa kangcono i-plaque emazinyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unakekela izinsini ezibucayi.
- Kungcono ukuyeka i-caramel namanye amaswidi anjalo. Izinhlanzi, amakhiwane kanye neminye imikhiqizo enamathele ehlanganisa izimpukane zezinsini ezivuvukile, kuzomele uzame ukwanelisa isifiso sokudla okumnandi okunamandla kakhulu.
Ngezinsini, ama-nodules amancane angase avele, afinyeleleke ekuthinteni, futhi angase aqale ukuphuza ngesikhathi sokuhlanza izinyo. Ama-nodules anjalo abizwa ngokuthi "i-pyogenic granuloma" ("izicubu zokukhulelwa"), akufanele abangele ukukhathazeka futhi adlule ngemuva kokubeletha. Endabeni uma kukhona umuzwa wokuthi awuzwa kahle ngenxa yabo, udokotela wamazinyo angakwazi ukwenza inqubo yokukhipha noma yokususa.