Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izizathu futhi ingane ingashiswa ngamuphi umthelela? Njengoba sengishilo kakade, ukuze uthole isilonda esinjalo, udinga uxhumano oluqondile lesikhumba ne-chemical aggression substance. Ngokuvamile lezi ziyizinhlobo zoketshezi, kepha kunezinto zokushisa ezingabangela ukushisa kwamakhemikhali. Phakathi kwabo ngingathanda ukugqokisa uthuli lwama-limestone, i-phosphorus nesamente, ukhonkolo kanye nosawoti olunamandla wensimbi. Okunye ukushisa kwesikhumba kungabangelwa i-asidi noma i-alkali, i-solvent. Lezi zinto eziyingozi zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni eziningi zamakhemikhali (ngokwesibonelo, kumanyolo wamaminerali, ama-varnishes kanye nopende (lapha siphinde sibandakanye udayi wezinwele), i-bleach nezakhiwo zokwakha, ukuhlanza kanye ne-detergents, ama-disinfectants, njll.).
Yiziphi izimpawu ongazithola ukuthi ingane ishise? Kunezimbonakaliso eziningana ezibonisa lokhu, zithembeke ngokukhethekile ezimweni lapho wazi kahle noma ubone ukuthi isifo samakhemikhali esiyingozi esikhumbeni somntwana. Lezi yizibonakaliso:
1) ingane ithi indawo ethintekile iyashisa futhi ikhula ngamandla, uzizwa ecubungula;
2) umbala wesikhumba wengane ngokuzumayo ushintshile, kaningi - ube obomvu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isikhumba singaguquka noma sitholakale sibe nesibhakabhaka, kanti kwezinye izimo - ngisho nokunyama;
3) ukushisa kwamakhemikhali kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu;
4) amabhalansi avela esikhumba somntwana.
Manje ngingathanda ukunaka abazali kuba imininingwane eyodwa ebalulekile. Uma sikhuluma ngosizo lokuqala, okufanele lunikezwe umntwana omele, ngakho kuzo zonke izimo kuzoba okufanayo. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kusebenza kuphela kusiza sokuqala. Lapho ukwelashwa kuqala, kubalulekile ukuba udokotela azi: yini eyabangela ukushisa okushisayo? Futhi kuyoba kuhle kakhulu uma ugcina okokuqala izinto ezimbi ezishisa ingane yakho. Ngokwenza lokhu, uzokwenza lula umsebenzi odokotela ekunqumeni inkambo yezidakamizwa.
Yini okufanele umuntu omdala akwenze uma ebona ukuthi ingane ithole ukushiswa kwamakhemikhali?
1. Okokuqala, kufanele ususe masinyane imithi enamandla, ukuze ingasakwazi ukuxhumana nesikhumba somntwana. Amakhemikhali aphefumulayo angagxiliswa, noma athathe i-rag - futhi ngokucophelela ahlulwe, eqinisekisa ukuthi awenzi ezandleni zakho. Enye indlela: gxuma i-powder kusuka emntwaneni, noma uthathe umshini wokuhlanza, bese ulahla isikhuthazo kuso. Uma uketshezi oluthi olunobuthi luye lwawela phezu kwezingubo zomntwana - kuzodingeka ususe ngokushesha le nto yokugqoka, futhi uma lokhu kungenakwenziwa - bese uqeda noma ukhiphe lesi siqephu.
2. Imithi evuthayo eyenza ukushisa okushisayo, kufanele ihlanzeke futhi ihlanzeke isikhathi eside esikhumbeni, isebenzisa amanzi asebenzayo afudumele. Kunconywa ukuthi uchithe okungenani imizuzu engu-20 ngalokhu.
Emva kokugeza, kufanele uhlanganise noma ugoqe indawo ethintekile yesikhumba ngendwangu ehlanzekile ehambelana namanzi apholile.
Iphuzu elilodwa elibaluleke kakhulu: uma ingane ishaywa yi-substance powdery, ngakho-ke akusikho icala eliqala ukugeza indawo ethintekile kuze kube yilapho i-powder ishukunyiswa. Ungavumeli ukuxhumana kwakhe ngamanzi, njengoba ukusabela kunzima ukubikezela - ungenza nje ukulimaza. Ngakho-ke, emva kokususa ngokucophelela i-agent ye-powdery, qalisa "inqubo yamanzi".
Mhlawumbe ingane yakho inenhlanhla futhi, ngokushaya nokuhlanza indawo ethintekile, uqaphele ukuthi akukho ngisho nokubomvu esikhumbeni - ke akudingeki ubone udokotela. Kodwa-ke, kukhona uhlu lwezimpawu, ukuqaphela okungenani okukodwa okumele ufune usizo ngaso leso sikhathi:
- ingane ibuthakathaka futhi iphukile, ikhanda lakhe liyaphuma futhi iphefumula;
- kungabonakala ukuthi isikhumba sishaywa yi-burn: izilonda nezilonda ezivela endaweni ethintekile;
- Isayithi elishisayo libuhlungu kakhulu isikhathi eside;
- indawo yesikhumba enokushisa idlula usayizi wesandla somntwana;
- uma amakhemikhali acasulayo enza ngokulimala, ubuso noma noma iyiphi indawo ehlanganisiwe.
Uma ngokungazelelwe uthathe isinqumo sokukhumbula izifundo ze-chemistry futhi unciphise umphumela wamakhemikhali nge-alkali noma i-asidi - ukhohlwe ngakho, njengoba ungenza iphutha futhi wandisa isimo.
Futhi manje ngingathanda ukukutshela okuningi nokuthi yini okufanele ukwenze ngokushisa kwamakhemikhali akunakwenzeka noma kunjani. Njengoba ngokuvamile sizama ukudlulisa ulwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo kusuka kwezinye izimo ezibucayi futhi sizisebenzise kulolu cala, noma kunjalo lezi zinyathelo zokusiza azihambisani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane ithole ukushisa kwamakhemikhali, abadala abakwazi:
- zama ukukhipha noma uklebhule izingubo ezinamathele endaweni ethintekile;
- uphonsa amabhuleki avukele esakhiweni esishisayo;
- ukuthinta izandla zakho ezikhungweni zesikhumba somntwana ngamakhemikhali;
- zama ukunamathisela uboya bekotini noma isiqephu seqhwa endaweni eshisiwe, awukwazi ukufaka isilonda ngokugqoka okunamathiselwe (umquba, isibonelo);
- Ingabe ukwelashwa kwendawo ethintekile nalezi zithako ezilandelayo: amafutha, ukhilimu noma ukhilimu omuncu, i-kefir, ukhilimu noma i-ointment, i-lotion, i-powder noma i-powder, i-iodine ne-"green", i-hydrogen peroxide, ikakhulukazi, utshwala.
Ukuhlupheka konke ekuziphatheni okwenziwe ngamakhemikhali kushayela amanga ngokuqondile ukuthi ukusabela okwenzeka phakathi kwe-agent ekhemikhali kanye nomuthi (okufanayo namafutha, isibonelo) awunakulinganiswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ukuwohloka kwengane, kungcono ukungasebenzisi noma yini endaweni ethintekile emahoreni angu-24 okuqala ngemva kokushisa. Kunoma yikuphi, ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ngaphandle kwemithi kulokhu awukwazi ukukwenza - bese ushayele udokotela. Into esemqoka - ungavumeli isimo sihambe ngokwaso. Phela, isikhumba samakhemikhali ashisa akuyona ihlaya!