Izici zeminyaka yesikole esiphakeme

Iminyaka yobudala engane yomntwana ibhekwa njengeminyaka yobudala kusukela eminyakeni eyisithupha kuya kweyisishiyagalombili, lapho ingane iqala ukuya esikoleni, futhi iqhubeka kuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi noma eyishumi nanye ubudala. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kule minyaka ukuqeqesha. Lesi sikhathi empilweni yengane sinokubaluleka okhethekile ekuziphatheni kwengqondo, ngoba lesi sikhathi yisigaba esisha sekhwalithi ekuthuthukiseni kwengqondo yomuntu ngamunye.

Kule nkathi, ingane ihlakulela ukuhlakanipha. Ukucabanga kukhula, okubangela ukuthi kube nomthelela wokwakhiwa kabusha kwenkumbulo nokuqonda, ukwenza kwabo kulawulwe, izinqubo ezingenzi lutho. Kule minyaka yobudala, ingane iyacabanga ngezigaba ezithile. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yobudala besikoleni, izingane kufanele zikwazi ukucabanga, ukuqhathanisa nokuhlaziya, ukudweba, ukudweba, ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokujwayelekile nokunye, ukucacisa amaphethini alula.

Esikhathini sokufunda, inkumbulo ivela ezinhlotsheni ezimbili: kukhona ukuqinisa inendima yekhanda lokubhala ngezwi lezwi. Ngesikhathi sokuqala esikoleni, ingane ilawulwa imemori ebonakalayo, izingane ziyakhumbula ngenxa yokuphindaphinda, ukungaqapheli ukuxhumana kwe-semantic. Futhi phakathi nalesi sikhathi kunesidingo ukufundisa ingane ukuba ihlukanise phakathi kwemisebenzi yokukhumbula: into kumele ikhishwe ngokunembile futhi isetshenziswe, futhi kukhona okwanele ngokwemigomo ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ingane iqala ukufunda ukuphatha imemori yakhe ngokucophelela nokulawula ukubonakaliswa kwayo (ukukhiqiza, ukukhumbula, ukukhumbula).

Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukumgqugquzela kahle ingane, ngoba lokhu kuxhomeke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ikhanda. Inkumbulo engapheliyo yamantombazane ingcono, kepha ngoba ikwazi ukuziphoqa. Abafana baphumelela kakhulu ekuqaliseni izindlela zokukhanda.

Enkambweni yokufundisa umfundi akabona kuphela ulwazi, usevele ekwazi ukuyihlaziya, okungukuthi, umbono usuvele usuhlobo lokubuka okuhleliwe. Umsebenzi wothisha wokuhlela imisebenzi yabantwana besikole ekuboneni izinto ezihlukahlukene, kumele afundise ukukhomba izimpawu ezibalulekile kanye nezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo nezinto. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuthuthukisa ukuqonda ezinganeni ziqhathaniswa. Ngalendlela yokuthuthukiswa, ukuqonda kubonakala kujulile, futhi ukubonakala kwamaphutha kunciphise kakhulu.

Umfundi wesikole osemncane akakwazi ukulawula ukunquma kwakhe ngesinqumo sakhe esinamandla. Ngokungafani nomfundi osekhulile owazi ukugxila emisebenzini eyinkimbinkimbi, engathandeki ekufinyeleleni umphumela oyifunayo esikhathini esizayo, umfundi ongasesikoleni esiphakeme angaziphoqa ukuba asebenze kanzima kuphela uma kukhona "isisusa" esishukumisayo, isibonelo, ngendlela yokudumisa noma uphawu oluhle. Ukunakwa kugxila kakhulu futhi kugcizelelwe ngesikhathi lapho izinto zokufundisa zigqokonyiswa ngokucacile nangcacile, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ingane ibe nesimo sengqondo sengqondo. Isimo sangaphakathi sezingane zesikole sishintsha futhi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izingane zinezimangalo ezikhundleni ezithile ohlelweni lobuhlobo bomuntu siqu nebhizinisi ekilasini. Isimo sengqondo sabantwana besikole sithonywa kakhulu ukuthi ubudlelwane bukhula kanjani nabalingane nabo, hhayi nje ukuxhumana nomfundisi kanye nokuphumelela kwezemfundo.

Imvelo yengane kulesi sikhatsi ibhekwa yizici ezilandelayo: amandla okuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulinganisa zonke izimo futhi ngaphandle kokucabanga, ukucindezela (lokhu kungenxa yokulawulwa okunamandla kokuziphatha); ukungabi nhlobo kwentando, kusukela ingane engalesi sikhathi ayikwazi ngokukhuthazela ukunqoba zonke izinkinga ukuze kufinyelelwe injongo ehlosiwe. Ukucindezela nokuqonda, njengomthetho, kungumphumela wokukhulisa, lokhu kuziphatha kuwuhlobo lokuphikisa ngokumelene nezidingo ezenziwe yisistimu yesikole, ngokumelene nesidingo sokwenza okudingekayo, hhayi "okufunayo". Ngenxa yalokho, ngesikhathi semfundo esemncane, ingane kufanele ibe nalezi zimfanelo ezilandelayo: ukucabanga ngemicabango, ukucabangela, ukuhlukunyezwa; ingane kufanele iphumelele ngokuphumelelayo isikole esikoleni; ubuhlobo nabangani nothisha kufanele kube kwizinga elisha, "abadala".