Izinto zokuncintisana ezitholakalayo
Esigabeni sokuthi singakhulumi ngezokwelapha kukhona into enjengokuthi "i-gallbladder eyonakele". Lokhu kusho ukuthi akusekho okufeza imisebenzi yayo, ngoba kutholakala amatshe (noma emadayeni enqwaba), futhi umuntu udala i-cholelithiasis. Ukuphuma kwebhili kuyaphazanyiswa, okusho ukuthi izifo ziyangena emzimbeni kalula, izindonga ze-gallbladder nama-ducts zivutha. Omakhelwane - ama-pancreas, i-duodenum, isisu-bahileleka ngenqubo yokuvuvukala, futhi odokotela baxilonga i-cholecystitis ekhangayo. Okubi nakakhulu, lapho ama-clogs amatshe angabi nje kuphela i-bile duct, kodwa futhi ne-pancreatic duct. Khona-ke i-bile ayikwazi ukufika lapho iya khona, futhi ama-acids nama-pigments ayo agxila egazini. Kukhona ukudakwa (ukushisa ubuthi ngezinto ezinobuthi) futhi okuthiwa i-jaundice engumshini (kumuntu siqu ophuzi ama-proteins, isikhumba). Uma i-pancreas ithintekile (i-pancreatitis ephawulekayo ne-pancreatic necrosis), ingozi yokuphila ingenzeka. Ukuze ungazitholi ngokweqile, masinyane uthintane nodokotela esithombeni sokuqala se-cholelithiasis.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwesigxobo sesisu
Ngosizo lwe-ultrasound, ukwephulwa komsebenzi kwezitho kubonakala. Isayizi nesimo sabo kubonakala esikrinini sokuqapha. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kaningi, iyinqubo yegolide yesimanje.
I-Tomography ehlanganisiwe
Ukuphenya kwezitho zangaphakathi zomuntu zisebenzisa i-X-ray. I-contrast substance ijojowe emthanjeni, igazi liyasakazeka kulo lonke umzimba. Emva kwalokho yenza izithombe eziningi ezikhethiwe, zihlole futhi uthole idatha enokwethenjelwa ngesimo sezitho. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukucubungula ukuxilongwa, lapho imiphumela ye-ultrasound iphikisana. I-endoscopic fibrogastroduodenoscopy (i-FGDS). I-probe encane ehlanganisa ama-optic fibrous isethulwa ngomlomo ngesiguli. Ihambisa isithombe se-mucosa yesisu, isisu noma i-duodenum kuya kumqapha. Le nqubo ivumela ukuthi kuhlolwe isimo sekhanda lamangqamuzana engxenyeni engenhla yesigcawu somathunjini. I-endoscopic retrograde ye-pancreatocholangiography (i-RPHG).
Into ehlukile ngokusebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile - i-endoscope - ifakwe endaweni yokugeleza kwesikhumba sesilonda emathunjini. Ngesikhathi se-RPCH kungenzeka ukuthi ususe amatshe amancane emidayeni ye-bile. Ukusetshenziswa okungavamile, kuphela izinkomba ezikhethekile.
Izindlela zanamuhla zikuvumela ukuba ubone izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-cholelithiasis futhi uziphathe cishe ngokungenabuhlungu futhi ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi emzimbeni, okungaphezu kwehora. Iqiniso lomlando: lapho umongameli weshumi nanye wase-US, uJames Polk, eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala, wasuswa enkongweni ye-gallbladder. Odokotela basebenzisa i-anesthesia, bethela umongameli wesikhathi esizayo nge-cognac. Iziguli zanamuhla azikwazi ukwesaba indlela enhle kakhulu: ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa banikezwa ubuthongo obunzima ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia jikelele.
Cholecystectomy ye-Laparoscopic. Yenziwa ngosizo lwezinsimbi ezikhethekile, ezifakwe emgodini wesisu ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezine ezincane, kuze kufike kumitha eyodwa. Ngakho susa i-gallbladder kanye namatshe. Ngemuva kokusebenza, akusikho imifula esikhumbeni. Le ndlela ingenakunqikaza izinzuzo ngaphezu kokusebenza kokususwa kwamatshe: ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokuxhaphazwa kukhishwe, ukuhlukunyezwa kuyinto encane, isikhathi esifushane (kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-4-5) sokubhedlela, ukubuyela ngokushesha endleleni yokuphila evamile.
Ukusebenza ngezigaba. Ngesikhathi senza ukuqubuka okubanzi kwesisu. Kunomsila we-10-12 cm ubude. Isikhathi sokuvuselela kusukela ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa nokuningi siyadingeka.
Ukuphila okusha
Ukuze ngokushesha alulame kusukela ekuhlinzekeni, udokotela angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi amaminerali aphansi: "Naftusi", "Berezovskaya", "Luzhanskaya", "Glade Kvasova". Kodwa izindawo zokungcebeleka kwamanzi zivunyelwe ukushiya emva kwezinyanga ezingu-6-8 kuphela: ukulayisha ngokweqile amapheshana omzimba akukalungi.
Phakathi nonyaka kufanele ulandele inombolo ye-5 yokudla: okuqukethwe okunamafutha aphansi ezitsheni, ngaphandle kokuthosiwe, okubabayo nokumuncu. Amafutha ezilwane kufanele alinganiselwe esiphezulu, esikhundleni sakhe ngesitshalo. Inzuzo yalesi sigaba yilona ikhono lokugqugquzela ukugaya umzimba esiqandisini nokunciphisa ukuthambekela kwe-bile ekwakheni ngamatshe. Kuyasiza kakhulu ukwengeza i-fiber ekudleni. Icebile ema-apula, iklabishi, ubhanana, ama-saladi avela emifino.
Isu lokuphepha
Ukudla okunempilo. Ukuphuza kabili ngonyaka ubunzima be-multivitamin ngokuncoma kukadokotela, faka imifino nezithelo ekudleni. Ukwenza imidlalo. Ukugijimela, ukubhukuda, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili kukhona abaphikisana kakhulu ne-cholelithiasis.
Ukwelashwa kwezobuciko. Izazi zengqondo zeluleka ngokuthambekela kokuthi "ukugula ngamatshe" kaningi ukusebenzisa impilo yansuku zonke imibala eluhlaza neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - inomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinzwa. "Ukuthula nokuthula!" - kwakungenwe kuphela ngamaqhawe ezincwadi zezingane nezincwadi zezingane, kodwa nangenxa yezempilo zezitho zangaphakathi.
Izimpawu Zezinhlekelele
Ubuhlungu ku-quadrant engenhla engenhla, ikakhulukazi emva kokudla okunamafutha okunzima noma isidlo sakusihlwa, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, umkhuhlane kufika kuma-38 degrees. Qaphela: ubuhlungu bunganikezwa engxeni elungile noma ehlombe, uzizwe ngemuva noma ngaphansi kwe-collarbone. Ukunquma imbangela ye-malaise, udinga ukuxilongwa ngekhwalithi. Amaqembu ezinengozi Abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abanesisindo esiphakeme, abakhubazekile be-endocrine, ukulungiswa kwezifa. Isifo seGallstone sithinta abesifazane izikhathi 4-5 kaningi kunamadoda. Umbukiso wamatshe Ayenziwa ngenxa yokufakwa kwezinhlayiya ezincane ze-bile. Ngokuyinhloko amatshe ahlanganisa i-cholesterol, i-bilirubin (i-bile pigment) ne-calcium usawoti. Ubukhulu babo buvela kumamitha ambalwa kuya ku-10 cm ububanzi. Ubuningi - kusuka komunye kuya ku-30.