Abesifazane abaningi abafuni ukuchitha isikhathi ukulungiselela izitsha zokudoba. Ngempela, ngoba lokhu, okokuqala, udinga ukuhlanza izinhlanzi kusuka esikhaleni esincane samasikali, ukuwugcoba, futhi ngisho nokuvikela isikhumba sezandla zakho ukuba singabambeli ngokumelene nama-bone spikes abukhali ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi zinayo. Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi izici ezikhangayo kakhulu kule mikhiqizo yokudla zizobe zikhulule kakhulu ukukhokhela izinga eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yenhlanzi emzimbeni wethu. Ukufakwa kwezinhlanzi okudliwa emenyu kuyadingeka ukuze kube nokudla okunempilo. Yiziphi izici zemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi ezibenza zibaluleke kakhulu ekudleni kwethu?
Iqiniso liwukuthi izakhi ezisezinhlanzi zinika lokhu kudla izinga eliphezulu lokudla. Izingxenye ezidliwayo zezinhlanzi zibhekwa ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaprotheni aphezulu (inani lawo ngokwesilinganiso lifinyelela ku-17-19% wezinqwaba zezicubu), futhi kulawo maprotheni, ngendlela enhle, ngokuhambisana nezidingo zomzimba wethu, ukwakheka kwe-amino acid kulinganiselwe. Isibonelo, uma kuqhathaniswa nenyama, ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi kunamakhemikhali amaningi e-amino acid methionine. Esinye isici esibalulekile semikhiqizo yenhlanzi ingumuthi omncane wezicubu ezixhunyiwe. Kule ndaba, emva kokunakekelwa kokushisa, ukuhambisana kwezinhlanzi eziphekwe kuba buthambile futhi bube mnene, okuqinisekisa ukugaya kahle kwezinhlanzi ezingxenyeni zomuntu zesisu.
Okuqukethwe kwamafutha ezinhlanzi ezinhlanzi kusuka ku-0.5 ukuya kuma-30%. Lesi sibonakaliso sibonakala ngokungafani okuqinile, kuye ngezinhlobo zezinhlanzi, ubudala, ukudla, izinkathi zonyaka. Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi kubantu abaqeqeshwe ngokuzikhandla nalabo abafuna ukulahlekelwa amakhilogremu angaphezulu kakhulu kunqunywa ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi (isibonelo, i-pollock, i-cruci carp, i-burbot, i-perch, i-pike perch, i-pike) iqukethe amafutha amancane kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ine-prototype elula kakhulu edingekayo ngenxa yemisipha yethu. Ngamanani anamukelekayo amafutha aqukethe inhlanzi enjenge-pink salmon, i-carp, i-bream, i-herring ye-baltic, i-catfish, i-horse mackerel, i-sprat. Kodwa ngezinhlanzi ezinhlanzi ezenziwe nge-saumon, sturgeon, halibut, sardine, stellate sturgeon, eel, mackerel kulabo abafuna ukunciphisa isisindo, okuqukethwe okunamafutha ngeke kube yamukeleka kakhulu. Uma isibalo sakho sesivele sihlelekile, ukudla inani elincane lemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi eziphezulu kuzomzuzisa umzimba wakho kuphela. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukubunjwa kwamafutha wezinhlanzi kubandakanya ama-acids ayi-insaturated abalulekile. Lezi zinto zibonakala ukuthi zinomthelela omuhle eketsheni ye-cholesterol, ukuhlinzeka ngezinga elijwayelekile lokugaya igazi kanye nokucindezela komzimba ekutheni i-atherosclerosis ne-hypertension. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafutha anemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi anesithambile samavithamini A and D.
Imikhiqizo yezinhlanzi ezenziwe ezinhlobonhlobo zasolwandle iqukethe inani elikhulu lezici zamaminerali ezidingekayo ukuze umsebenzi ojwayelekile womzimba wethu - i-zinc, ithusi, i-fluorine, i-iodine. Kodwa kuneziqephu ezimbalwa ezingxenyeni ezinhlanzini zezinhlanzi kunokudla, kodwa ziphumelela kakhulu emsebenzini wezinhlayiya zokuvimbela ukugaya ukudla. Naphezu kwezinzuzo zezempilo kanye nezimfanelo eziphezulu zokudla ezihambisana nemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi, lokhu kudla kusalokhu kungagcini ngendlela engalungile yizitho zethu zokugaya. Isibonelo, inhlanzi eyomile neyomisiwe igayekwa kanzima kunokwakheka noma okubilisiwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi empilweni yakho kunqunywe nokuthi indlela emisha owathengile ngayo. Ukuze ukhethe izinhlanzi ezifanele esitolo ukuze ulungiselele izitsha eziwusizo ezilandelayo, kufanele uqaphele izici ezilandelayo zalo mkhiqizo. Ezinhlanzi ezintsha, amehlo kufanele abe nesibonakaliso, nge-cornea ebonakalayo. Izicubu ze-muscular zezinhlanzi ezinobuthi zinomqondo obanzi kakhulu nombala omhlophe, kunzima ukuhlukanisa namathambo. Lapho ukupheka inhlanzi inhlanzi kufanele kubanjwe iphunga elimnandi, futhi umhluzi uphenduka obala. Uma inhlanzi etholakalayo inezici ezinjengezikhwebu ezibomvu, zithinteka kalula emathanjeni emisipha, izigqoko ezibomvu ezibomvu kanye nephunga elimnandi elimnandi, ngakho-ke ukusizwa kwenhlanzi okudliwayo okungakulungiswa kusuka kumkhiqizo onjalo kufanele kucatshangelwe.
Amaqanda enhlanzi nawo anenani eliphezulu lokudla okunomsoco. Isibonelo, i-caviar ye-salmon kanye ne-sturgeon izinhlanzi iqukethe amaprotheni angama-30% ephezulu, inani elikhulu le-lecithin, amavithamini A, D, E, phosphorus, insimbi, namanye amaminerali. I-Caviar ibhekwa njengomkhiqizo wezinhlanzi ezivela esigabeni sezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimfanelo zokudla eziphakeme kakhulu.
Kodwa izinhlanzi noma okulondoloziwe okusemathinini akusizi kangcono emzimbeni wethu kunenhlanzi ehlanzekile. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngezinqubo zobuchwepheshe ezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi, ukulahleka okungenakugwema kwezakhi zomzimba kwenzeka. Ukudla okusemathinini okwenziwa emanzini kukhishwa kusuka ku-mackerel, i-salmon, i-horse mackerel, i-herring. Ukudla okusemathinini ku-tomato sauce kwenziwa enhlanzini ebisiwe futhi engenakunambitheka. Inhlanzi ekheniwe emafutheni ilungiswa kusuka kunhlanzi eshisayo eshisayo noma ngaphambi kokuthosiwe. Ama-pates nama-pastas azitholakali kuphela ezinhlanzi zonke, kodwa futhi ezivela ku-caviar, isibindi, ubisi kanye nezinye izinto ezidinga ukudla. Lapho wenza inhlanzi ekhonjiwe, izithako ezinjengezinhlanzi ezinobisi, imifino ethosiwe, okusanhlamvu, ama-marinade, izinongo, utamatisi isobho.
Isici esihlukile sokulondolozwa ngokuqhathaniswa nokudla okusemathinini ukuthi inqubo yokwenza kwawo ayihlanganisi isiteji sokuzalisa inzalo. Ukuze uthole le mikhiqizo yezinhlanzi sebenzisa izidakamizwa, ngokuvamile u-acetic acid noma i-benzoate ye-sodium. Ngezinye izikhathi ekwenzeni izinkukhu ezigcinwe, ezivundiwe nezivundisayo noma izithelo nama-sauces asetshenziswa.
Izinhlanzi ezintsha ezithengwa emakethe kufanele zigcinwe efriziwe, futhi kungenjalo kufanele zivumeleke ukuba zifudumele ngokuphindaphindiwe (lokhu kudala izimo ezihle zokuphindaphinda kwamabhaktheriya, kuholela ekunciphiseni izinga lokudla okunomsoco komkhiqizo nokuwohloka kwalo). Imikhiqizo enhlanzi enjengokudla okusemathinini igcinwa emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku-0 kuya ku-5 ° C kanye nomswakama ohambelana nomoya awukho ngaphezu kwama-75% esikhathini esaboniswe kuphakheji (ngezinye izikhathi ngisho neminyaka emibili kuya kwemi-3). Ukulondolozwa kufanele kugcinwe ekushiseni okungabi ngaphezu kuka-6 ° C ngezinsuku ezingaba ngu-45.