Umntwana ufunda kabi
Ikhono lokufunda liyisihluthulelo sokufunda okuphumelelayo. Ukuthuthukisa intshisekelo yezingane ekufundeni, othisha abajwayele ukunikeza abazali isethi yezincomo. Imibhalo yokufundwa kufanele ihambisane nesikhathi semntanakho, ukugcwala ngokomzwelo, ukuqonda. Kubalulekile ukunikeza indodana noma indodakazi ilungelo lokukhetha indaba yokufunda, kuye ngokuthi isimo sabo sengqondo noma isimo sabo sempilo. Ukuze uthuthukise isithakazelo ekufundeni, umuntu kufanele enze isimo sempumelelo, ukusekela ingane ukuthi inkolelo yokuthi konke kuzovela. Lokhu kuhlinzekwa yi-self-measurement of speed reading. Nsuku zonke ngomzuzu owodwa, abafundi abancane bafunda imibhalo, balala amagama afundwe bese ubhala imiphumela. Ukuqhathanisa imiphumela ngesonto kuzokhombisa ukuthi isivinini sokufunda sande.
Impumelelo ekufundiseni ukufunda ixhomeke ekugqugquzelweni kwemisebenzi yengane. Futhi, ngokuphambene nalokho, impumelelo idala isisusa: "Ngifuna ukufunda, ngoba ngiyithola." Awukwazi ukucela kusuka kwengane: "Kuze kube yilapho ufunda masinyane ngaphandle kwamaphutha, awukwazi ukuphuma endleleni!". Yiqiniso, abazali bafuna indodana noma indodakazi yabo ukuba bafunde ukufunda kahle ngesonto, kodwa awukwazi ukuphoqa ingane ukuba ihlale isikhathi eside ngemuva kwencwadi, ithukuthele uma okuthile kufundwe ngokungalungile, ngoba ukukhathala ngokomzimba nokuhlukunyezwa, kanye nokuhlambalaza nokuhlambalaza, kid kusuka encwadini. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ingane ifunde ngokuzwakalayo okwesikhashana. Kubonakala ukuthi isikhathi sokufunda asibalulekile, kodwa ubude bokuzivocavoca. Kuhle kakhulu uma kuningi kakhulu, ngehora elilodwa noma amabili, ukufundwa kwemizuzu emihlanu ngokuphindaphinda kokuqukethwe okufundwayo. Imiphumela emihle inikezwa ngokufunda ngaphambi kokulala, ngoba yizenzakalo zokugcina zosuku ezirekhodwa ngumuntu omkhumbulayo ngokomzwelo.
Ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke ekulaleleni kusiza kakhulu ukwakheka kwekhono lokufunda, ngoba uma umfundi wezigaba eziyinhloko ngezwi eliphansi efunda nomuntu omdala noma ebuka ngokucacile ukufunda kwakhe ngokukhululekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ulalela ukunemba kwezwi, ukuyeka nokucindezeleka okunengqondo. Ngakho ijubane lokubona izimpawu ezicacile, ngakho-ke ijubane lokufunda ingane, liyanda. Uma le kid "likhohlisiwe", khona-ke udinga ukummema ukuthi afunde futhi indawo lapho iphutha lenziwe khona.
Abafundi be-1-2 amakilasi abakwazi ukugijimela ngenkathi befunda. Ukufunda okusheshayo, njengomthetho, akuzi lutho. Ukunqoba ubunzima kunomthelela ohlelweni lokufunda olungenangqondo. Umntwana ufunda imigqa engu-1-2 futhi uthola ukuphumula okufushane. Kungenzeka ngenkathi kubheka amafilimu lapho ufunda izincwadi zezintambo "Ezincane": ukuphumula esikoleni esiphakeme lapho ejwayele imifanekiso esandulela ukufunda nokulungiselela ukuqonda imisho elandelayo.
Ukujwayela indodana yakho noma indodakazi yakho ekufundeni okuzimele, ungaqala ukufunda incwadi ngokuzwakalayo bese uma endaweni ethandekayo kakhulu. Ejabulelwe isifiso sokuthola ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo, umfundi wesifunda esiphakeme esikoleni esiphakeme uzoqhubeka efunda ngokuzimela. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele uhlale ubuza ngalokho akufundile, udumise futhi uveze ithemba lokuthi ingane izoqhubeka nokufunda yedwa. Ungatshela indodana noma indodakazi isiqephu esithakazelisayo esivela emsebenzini futhi esikhundleni sokuphendula umbuzo wengane "Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo?" unikezele ukuqedela ukuzifunda.
Kuhle kakhulu uma umndeni ufunda ekhaya ngokuzwakalayo. Ubude bokufunda okunjalo kufanele kube yimaminithi angu-20-30, ukuze ugweme ukukhathala komfundi omncane. Funda amabhuku odinga ukukhuluma nengane yakho. Ngeke ukwazi ukuyilawula futhi ufune umbiko (ukuthi ngifunda ukuthi ngikuqonde lokho engikukhumbulayo), awukwazi ukubeka imibono yakho. Ukunakekelwa, ukusekela, ukukhathazeka kwabazali empumelelweni yendodana noma indodakazi kuzokunika ingane ithemba. Imvelo enomusa, ngisho nezolile ithonya inhlalakahle yengane futhi isisiza ukunqoba ubunzima bokufunda.
Le ncwadi emndenini
Ukutholakala kwezincwadi emndenini akusho ukuthi abantwana bayothanda ukufunda futhi ngeke babe nezinkinga zangempela esikoleni samabanga aphansi. Uma wenza isithakazelo somfundi, kunakekelwa ukuthi kufanele bafunde izincwadi ezahlukene zolimi: inganekwane, izindaba, isayensi yezinganekwane, izinkondlo, i-humoresks, izindabakwane, njll. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi indlu inekona lokufunda. Umtapo womuntu siqu wesikole esikoleni esiphakeme sakhiwe, kuye ngezintshisekelo zakhe, ubulili kanye neminyaka yobudala, kanye namathuba okusebenza omndeni. Ekhoneni lokufunda kumele kube yimisebenzi eyintandokazi yezingane yezinganekwane. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuzoba yizincwadi zokuqala ezibhalwe ngokungazikhunjulwa, okushiwo ngabazali, noma mhlawumbe indaba ngesilwane esithandekayo noma indaba yokuzijabulisa.
Kunconywa ukuthi ube nokubhekisela emndenini, izincwadi ezithandwa ngokwesayensi nezithandwayo ezikoleni zekharikhulamu ezizosiza izingane ukuba zilungiselele amakilasi, kanye nezincwadi kanye nezikhathi, ukuphoqa ingane ukuba ithuthukise amakhono abo. Lolu chungechunge lwezincwadi "Ngiyaqonda umhlaba," "i-Encyclopedia of the student school school", izichazamazwi, ama-atlases, njll. Ubudala besikoleni esikoleni - isikhathi sokufuna izimpendulo zemibuzo eminingi. Izazi zengqondo zithi ingane encane ngosuku icela ukuphendula imibuzo engu-200. Ngenkathi yobudala, inani labo linciphisa, kodwa imibuzo ngokwabo iba yinkimbinkimbi.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi izingane zesikole ezincane zithanda ukulalela ukufunda komuntu kunokuba zifunde ngokwabo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba zijwayele ukufunda kancane kancane kule ncwadi. Abazali kudingeka baqiniseke ukuthi isifiso sokufunda asixhunyiwe ezinganeni ngokunye okuthandayo: ezemidlalo, imidlalo yekhompyutha, ukubukela i-TV noma ividiyo. Ukuze usize indodana yakho noma indodakazi yakho ukuba ithole amabhethri ezweni elikhulu lezincwadi ezahlukene futhi ikhethe incwadi ethile yokufunda, kufanele okungenani uvakashele ingane yakho ngemitapo yezincwadi nezincwadi zokubhuka izincwadi. Kunconywa ukuthenga amabhuku nezingane, ngaphambi kokuba wenze kanjalo, kuhle ukujwayelana nokuqukethwe kwabo: funda i-abstract noma ikheli kumfundi, buka amakhasi amaningana, unake imifanekiso nokuklama.
Kubafundi esikoleni samabanga aphansi, kunconywa ukuthenga izincwadi ezincane ngezithombe ezinkulu. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi izingane zikhanda ngekhanda isihloko sencwadi, igama lomlobi, bese uzama ukuthola ulwazi ngaye. Kubalulekile ukufundisa izingane, uma zifunda ngokuzimela, ukulungisa imibuzo ephakama, ukuze bakwazi ukubuza abantu abadala noma bafunde ngakho ezincwadini zokubhekisela. Kungenzeka ukuncoma indodana noma indodakazi izindawo ezithakazelisayo ezivela encwadini ukubhala phansi kwincwadi noma, uma le ncwadi ingeyakho, yenza amanothi ngokunembile emagqeni. Into esemqoka ukufundisa umfundi omncane ukufunda ngokucabangela, ukuqonda incazelo yegama ngalinye. Siza ingane ukuba ifunde imidlalo elula: "Khumbula umsebenzi ngokucaphuna noma imifanekiso", "Yenza umdwebo wencwadi", "Shicilela umagazini wombhalo wombhalo," njll.
Ungabi abangane ngezibalo
Imathemikhali yindlela yokuzivocavoca yengqondo eyobunjwa futhi ikhulise ikhono lokucabanga ngokucabangelayo nokucabangela ngesizathu. Esikhathini semathematika, njengemidlalo, umuntu akakwazi ukufeza impumelelo phakathi nokubona okungabonakali kwezenzo zabanye. Sidinga ukuzivocavoca okuhlelekile okuxhunyaniswe nomsebenzi wokucabanga, ngaphansi kwethonya lapho ingane iqala khona ukuqonda ekuqaleni kokulula, futhi okuqhubekayo futhi okuyinkimbinkimbi, ukusebenza kwengqondo. Ngakho-ke ubuchopho buqeqeshwe buqala ukuthuthukisa. Lona umphumela obaluleke kakhulu wokutadisha izibalo.
Ngokuvamile, izingane lapho ziphendula noma zixazulula izinkinga zisebenza ngezifanekiso zezibonelo zokufunda. Kodwa-ke, kancane kancane ubunzima kanye nolwazi lwolwazi oludinga ukufundwa luyanda. Ukuntuleka kwenkumbulo kudinga umzamo omkhulu ovela kumfundi oyisiphakeme esikoleni esiphakeme, ngenxa yokuthi izibalo ziba nzima kangakanani ngaye ukuthi akafuni ukutadisha nhlobo. Ukungacabangi okunjalo kwengqondo kwabantwana abadala ngokuvamile bephutha ngenxa yobuvila noma ukuhluleka kwezibalo. Kwenzeka ukuthi ngokuvamile bathi: "Waqala izibalo", okungukuthi, kwakukhona izinkinga zangempela. Kodwa kunembile kakhulu ukuthi: "Siqale izibalo."
Abazali kudingeka bakhumbule lokhu okulandelayo:
● Ezibalo, into esemqoka ukuqonda, hhayi ukukhumbula ngekhanda, ikakhulukazi ukucubungula kwe-semantic kwezinto ezifundwayo kunikeza kokubili.
● Uma ingane ingakwazi ukubhala izibalo emabangeni aphansi, khona-ke akufanele kube nethemba lokuphumelela kwakhe emakilasini aphakathi nangaphezulu nakakhulu.
● Amamaki amahle nezimpendulo ezifanele kumbuzo ajwayelekile "Kungakanani okuyoba khona?" futhi "Ungayithola kanjani?" namanje anganikeli isiqinisekiso esigcwele sokuthi ngezibalo zendodana noma indodakazi zonke ziyoba ngendlela.
● Abafundi abasebancane badinga usizo lomdala. Ngenxa yezici zeminyaka ubudala, akakwazi ukuhlola kahle ikhwalithi yolwazi lwakhe, okuvimbela ukufaniswa kwezinto zokufunda.
Ukuze uhlole ukujula kokuqonda kanye nekhwalithi yokwazi ulwazi lwezibalo, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukuxhumana kwezinyathelo ezisebenzayo zomntwana ekuxazululeni izinkinga emidwebeni ehlongozwayo, imidwebo nemidwebo. Isibonelo, uma umfundi ephumula imitha eyi-10 kusuka endophi, engowesihlanu kwesilinganiso sobude bezintambo? "Uthola impendulo ngosizo lokwahlukana, yena akazange acabange nhlobo, noma wacabanga ngokungalungile. Futhi noma ngabe isenzo sokuphindaphinda sikhethwe isisombululo senkinga engenhla, khona-ke indodana noma indodakazi kufanele ichaze ukuthi kungani ixazulula inkinga ngale ndlela. Ukubhekisela komthetho encwadini yombhalo kungukuphikisana okuhle, kodwa akuyona into ekholisayo. Buza ingane ukuthi idwebe ucezu (intambo) bese uyichaza: yini eyaziwa emisebenzini, ukuthi yini ongayithola, ukuthi kungani kuyadingeka ukwandisa. Umsebenzi onjalo uyosiza umfundi ukuba aqonde kangcono umsebenzi kanye nendlela yokuxazululwa, futhi umuntu omdala ahlole izinga lokufunda kwengane yezinto zokufunda.
Ukubhala ngesandla kabi
Ukubhala ngesandla okungalungile nokungekho emthethweni kuba yisithiyo esikhulu ekusetshenzisweni ngokugcwele kwencwadi njengendlela yokuxhumana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umbhalo wokubhala ngesandla ufundisa izingane ngendlela ehlelekile, ukukhuthelela, intshiseko nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi, lufaka isandla emfundweni yobuhle yezingane zakudala.
Kubafundi besikole samabanga aphansi, isitayela esijwayelekile sokubhala sibonakala, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ezinye izici zokubhala ngesandla zivela ezinganeni. Kunezizathu ezilandelayo zokuvela kwazo:
● Izingane ezicophelela ezimweni eziningi zibhalela ngokunembile nangendlela efanele.
● Ezinye izingane zibhala kancane kancane kunalokho okudingekayo. Ngenxa yalokho, bashesha futhi baphula imithetho ye-calligraphy.
● Uma umfundi engakwazi ukufunda kahle noma engafundi uhlelo ngolimi, ke uhlala ephethe imisebenzi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ubhala phansi.
● Ezinye izingane zivinjelwe ukubhala ukukhubazeka okubonakala kahle, amakhono emoto nezinye izifo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, abazali kudingeka babone udokotela.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi impumelelo ekubunjweni kwamakhono okubhala, ikakhulukazi ekuthuthukiseni umbhalo we-calligraphic, ikakhulukazi kuncike ukuthi ngabe izingane zihambisana nezindinganiso eziyisisekelo zokuhlanzeka. Ukuqonda ukufika okulungile, indlela yokubamba inqubo yokubhala nokubhala ingenzeka kuphela ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo ngabantu abadala. Amazwi athi "Ungahlali kanje" noma "Ungalungi ukubamba ipeni" usize kancane. Abafundi beJunior badinga ukuchaza kuphela, kepha futhi ukukhombisa ukuthi bangahlala kanjani bese bebamba ipeni. Ubude bombhalo oqhubekayo akufanele kudlule imizuzu emihlanu ekilasini lokuqala, ngemizuzu engu-II - 8, ngemizuzu engu-III - 12, ngemizuzu engu-IV - 15.
Kunconywa, kanye nengane, ukuhlaziya ukungaphumeleli kwencwadi yakhe, ukuveza ukwehluleka ngesimo, ubukhulu, ubukhulu, umthambeka kanye nenhlanganisela yamagama, ngesineke ukusiza ukufeza umsebenzi emva kwalolu hlelo. Ukuphulwa kwe-calligraphy kwenzeka kaningi ngenxa yokuthi izingane azilandeli indlela incwadi elele ngayo. Ukuthambekela kwencwadi yezincwadi ekugcineni kwetafula kumele kube cishe kufana nama-degree angu-25. Ukuze ulondoloze lesi sikhundla, unamathisela umdwebo omncane wephepha elimibala (mhlawumbe oluhlaza) etafuleni. Uzobonisa umfundi osemncane ukuthi angayifaka kanjani kahle i-notebook. Ngesikhathi sokubhala, i-notebook kufanele ihanjiswe emgqeni. Ukuqala komugqa kufanele kube phambi kwesifuba. Ukugcina umthamo oqondile wezinhlamvu ngamagama ezinganeni kuzokusiza ukuzivocavoca ekubhaleni okugcinwe ngezakhiwo ezifanayo kanye nempahla yokugcina, okunye okunye okushaywayo.
Ukuze uthuthukise umthamo oqondile wezinhlamvu kanye nendawo phakathi kwezinhlamvu nezakhi zawo ingane izozuza ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zamanethiwekhi. Basakazwa nge-inkino emnyama bese bebeka ngaphansi kweshidi umfundi abhala ngalo. Kumgridi ye-modular, iseli ngalinye linomakhalekhukhwini wayo. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi leyo ncwadi ihamba kancane, futhi umthamo womsebenzi wenziwa mncane. Ukuthuthukisa ukubhala ngesandla okuhle kubantwana kunokwenzeka kuphela uma umfundi omncane eyokwenza yonke imizamo yokuhambisana nemithetho yokubhala. Intshiseko iyovela uma umfundi eqonda ukungabi nalutho kwakhe, aqonde incazelo yemisebenzi eyenziwa, futhi unesithakazelo ekufezeni umgomo.
Umsebenzi wesikole
Ngezinye izikhathi izingane zesikole ezincane, ngisho nalabo abafundela kahle, zinenkinga ngomsebenzi wesikole. Lena enye yezinkinga ezicindezelayo kakhulu esikoleni samabanga aphansi. Kulesi simo, abazali kudingeka bathole ukuthi ingane ingakwazi yini ukubhekana nayo. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke udinga usizo. Ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuqeqeshwa lapho wenza umsebenzi wesikole, kuhle ukuba uhlale nomntwana, kodwa hhayi ukusikisela, ukucabanga ngakho, noma ukuhlambalaza ngokuhluleka. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe umfundi uhlezi yini ngesikhathi sokufunda, ngabe ubeka kahle yini incwadi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyayilalela yini icala. Kunconywa ukufundisa indodana noma indodakazi ukuba iqale izifundo ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukubafundisa indlela yokuphatha indawo yabo yokusebenza kahle, lapho konke okudingekayo emsebenzini wesikole kugcinwe ngendlela efanele.
Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane iqala ukusebenza nalezo zinto ezazikhona ohlelweni namhlanje. Lokhu kuzokuvumela umfundi ukuba angakhohlwa incazelo yento entsha, imithetho yokwenza imisebenzi, njll. Akudingekile ukuqedela umsebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kuyoba ngcono nakakhulu uma ingane yesikole ibuyela kuye futhi, ngosuku olulandelayo isifundo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuqala isabelo sekhaya esikoleni esiyinkimbinkimbi kumfundi. Awukwazi ukukhohlwa mayelana nokushintshwa kwesabelo somlomo nesibhaliwe. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ukuqeqeshwa okubhalwe phansi, kubalulekile ukuphinda imithetho ehambelanayo.
Kudingekile ukufundisa ingane ukuthi isebenze ngemidwebo kuphela uma ingaqiniseki ngokufanele kwesinqumo sayo, futhi ukuba nethuba lokuqonda kangcono indaba. Ukuze ufundise ingane ukuthi ithembele kolwazi lwayo futhi lwenze ngaphandle kwamacebo, ungasebenzisa usizo olufihliwe. Kulokhu, abazali bangasho lokhu okulandelayo: "Uyakhumbula ukuthi kungcono ukuqala nge ..." noma "Kungcono ukukwenza ...", njll Kungenzeka ukudumisa ingane ngaphambi kwesikhathi, lokhu kuzokwandisa ukholo lwezingane ngamandla abo: Kuwe, ukukhuthele kangaka, konke kuzokwenzeka ngempela ... ". Yonke imisebenzi yasekhaya umfundi kufanele enze ngokuqinisekile, ngisho noma engekho esikoleni, ukuze kube khona ukungaphumeleli kolwazi. Emndenini kuyadingeka ukwakha umoya wokuthakazelelwa, ukuqonda ngokuvumelana, bese umsebenzi wesikole uzoba inqubo ethakazelisayo.