"Ukuguga kwethu kuyisifo okufanele siphathwe njenganoma yimuphi omunye," u-Ilya Mechnikov, umsunguli we-gerontology, wathi ngawo-1880. Embikweni wakhe, ososayensi ovelele waseRussia waphawula ukuthi ukuguga akudingekile ukuba umzimba ube yindlela yokuphila. Impilo yethu, empeleni, inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli. I-cell ingahlukanisa ngokungapheli ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Ukwehliswa kwemibandela kuholela ekwehliseni ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli. Futhi ngenxa yendlela, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi ukuguga.
"Abantu nje abafuni ukufa"
Kuwo wonke umlando walo, isintu siphila futhi siphila ngombono wokufa, umzimba oguga kanye nenqubo yokuphila. Ngokuqondile, ngokucabangela ukuthi ungayinqoba kanjani. "Abantu abafuni ukuphila phakade, abantu abafuni ukufa kuphela," kusho uStanislaw Lemm. Lesi sifiso sibonakala emibingelelweni yansukuzonke kanye namakhosheni emikhosi amaningi abantu. Ezinkolweni ngendlela yokholo emva kokufa, ukuphindukuzalwa, ukuzalwa kabusha. Ezingqungqutheleni ezihlukahlukene, lapho abadala abangunaphakade ne-vedunes bahlala khona. Yonke isizwe selokhu isesha "iresiphi yobusha" bayo amakhulu eminyaka.
EGibhithe lasendulo, kwakusetshenziswa amasilinda ensimbi. Bangabonakala ezandleni zamaharahara emafreskheni asaphila. I-cylinders - i-Sun ne-Moon, ngayinye ngamamitha angu-150 ubude kanye no-28 mm ububanzi - yagcwaliswa ngokulandelana okuthile ngokuxuba kwamaminerali. Ngokwezichwepheshe zanamuhla, ezandleni zalezi zithutha zakha izinsika ezimbili zamandla, amandla okugeleza kuwo, ezijikeleza emzimbeni, zihlanza futhi zakha insimu evikelayo yomzimba womuntu.
Isibonelo:
Phakathi kwamaharahara kwakuyizikhathi zangempela eziyisikhathi eside: U-Peopi II wabusa iminyaka engu-94. URamesses the Great uneminyaka engu-67 ubudala. Wasinda kwabangu-12 kwabangu-187 bezingane zakhe abavela kumakhosikazi angama-42 nezancinza. Kwabe sekubusa iminyaka engama-50 engaphezu kwama-arahara angu-10.
"Ukuxoshwa Kwentsha"
Izindaba ze-alchemists abadumile - abafuna "umxhwele wokuphila isikhathi eside", izidalwa eziguga kanye nenqubo yokuphila - zigcwele izimfihlo: amagama amaningi, ukungabi nokuqiniseka ngokweminyaka yokuphila kanye nemiphumela yocwaningo. NguJabir ibn Hayyan (noma uGeber), uFrancis Bacon, uTheophrastus Paracelsus, uJacob Bruce, u-Wei Po-Yan, uVasily Valentin, u-Count Saint-Germain, u-Alexander Alexander Cagliostro (noma uGiuseppe Balsamo), njll.
Isayensi yanamuhla iyaqhubeka ifuna "ukuphelelwa isikhathi eside", incike endleleni ehlelekile yokusebenza.
Ama-cryonics - ukulondolozwa (biostasis) usebenzisa amazinga okushisa aphansi. Iziguli zitholwa ngokuqhwaza. OKUPHILA Abapristi namasaya kwakudingeka bahlambe umzimba ekuseni, imini nobusuku, bahlambe njalo izinwele emzimbeni (ngaphandle kwekhanda) - ukuze amagciwane angangeni; cishe babengadli inyama yengulube namahlanzi aluhlaza.
I-China yakudala yakha u-Qigong - ubuciko bokuzilawula komzimba, ukuthuthukiswa komuntu njengomuntu ngamunye. Izenzo eziningi zihloselwe ukukhukhumezeka nokuphumula.
I-Qi iyinamandla ekhona ezulwini, emhlabeni nakuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo. I-Yoga - enye yezinhlelo zefilosofi yaseNdiya yasendulo, iyabheka iresiphi yokwandisa ubungqabavu bokudla okunomsoco, ukuphefumula kahle nesimo sengqondo esihle.
Inendima enkulu inikezwa umgogodla ezindabeni zokulwa nezifo. Kumele kube nezimo eziguquguqukayo - "amanzi asebenzayo awaphuli, umcengezi wesango awunqothuli, injalo ukunyakaza." Esikhathini esithi "Ukwelapha ngaphakathi" kuphawulwe:
Ukuguga kuyinkinga yokuphazanyiswa kancane kancane nokulahlekelwa kwemisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba, ikakhulukazi, ikhono lokuzala nokuvuselela imvelo yokuguga kanye nenqubo yokuphila.
Ukuhlanganyela e-Qigong, umuntu uthatha amandla wezulu nomhlaba, azixhuma ngokwabo. Ngakho usondela isikhathi eside nokungafi. Amakilasi kufanele abe njalo iminyaka eminingana. Ukungafi kuTaoism kuyinto ebonakalayo: kuhilela kokubili umphefumulo nomzimba.
Ithiphu
AmaTaoist akholelwa ukuthi ukwenza izenzo ezinhle kukhulisa impilo, nokubi - kuphuza. Lowo ofuna ukungafi emhlabeni kumele enze izenzo ezinhle ezintathu, futhi omelele ukungafi esibhakabhakeni - 1200. Kodwa ngisho nangemva kwesenzo esihle se-1190.
"Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yakhe yasezulwini, emva kokubala iminyaka eyikhulu, qhubeka."
Enye yezokwelapha zomuthi waseTibet "U-Vaiduria-onbo" uncoma ukudla okunomsoco, ukulala okufika ngesikhathi, ukugeza, ulwazi lwezinkambiso nemithetho yokuphila ngokobulili, nokuhlanzeka kwezempilo nokulondeka kokuphila. I-recipe ye "juices" inikezwa, okufaka isandla ekuphileni kwesikhathi eside: imithi yamabele, i-feldspar, ishukela lomhlanga, uju, ibhotela. "Uma ukushaywa kwenhliziyo kungashintshi izigubhu eziyikhulu futhi kubonakala ukugcwala okuhle, khona-ke umuntu onendlela evamile yokuphila uyophila kuze kube yiminyaka eyikhulu." UMethusela - ukhokho omkhulu weTestamente Elidala - waphila, njengoba iBhayibheli lisho, iminyaka engu-969 - kuthathwa njengomuntu omdala kakhulu. Esinye isibindi eside esiphezulu, uNowa, owakha uMphongolo, waphila iminyaka embalwa kancane. Umuntu wokuqala u-Adamu wayenomphefumulo wokungafi, kodwa njengoba ehamba ezivumelwaneni wafinyeza ukuphila kwakhe.
Isilinganiso sokuphila komuntu womuntu.
Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-80:
Japan, Switzerland, France, Germany, Australia, Singapore.
Ngaphansi kweminyaka engama-80:
I-Mozambique, i-Botswana, i-Zimbabwe.
Ngokusho kwe-WHO, ukulinganiselwa kokuphila komhlaba jikelele sekuyiminyaka engu-48.5.
Kungani siguga?
Namuhla ayikho inkolelo evumayo yokuguga. Kunemibono eminingi esekelwe ezimbangela ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinqubo zokuguga. Izindlela zabo zizibonakalisa ngokwazo ezihlukahlukene zinguquko kuwo wonke amazinga - kusukela emangqamuzaneni ukuya emzimbeni. Ukuguga kuyinkimbinkimbi yezinqubo, okunye okunciphisa ukumelana nokuqina komzimba. Ukuphelele kwezinqubo kukhulisa umthelela omubi. Izinkolelo zokuguga zihlukaniswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Zazihlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili: izinqubo eziguga nokuguga nokuhleleka (okungahleliwe). Noma kumaqembu amathathu: izakhi zofuzo, neuroendocrine kanye nemibono yokulimala okuqongelelwe. Noma yikuphi ukuhlukana kuyaphazamiseka, ngoba izinqubo zihlobene.
Abasekeli bezinkolelo ezihlukene yizici eziyinhloko zokuphila isikhathi eside: uhlelo lokudla okunempilo, inhlanganisela ehambisanayo yomsebenzi nokuzilibazisa, isiko lokuziphatha, ithonya lemvelo.
Amalungiselelo e-Biopeptide , ama-geroprotectors esizukulwane esisha. Okubalulekile: ukusiza amaseli asebenze. I-Peptides - amaprotheni ahlukaniswe ososayensi - igalelo ekubuyiselweni kweprotheyini yayo emzimbeni. Ukungena emgodini, buyisela imisebenzi yayo. Izinto zokwakha ezidakayo zezidakamizwa yizitho zezilwane ezincelisayo (isibindi sithathwa ekwelapheni isibindi, izinso ziphathwa ngezinso, njll).
Izinkolelo eziyisisekelo zokuguga zihlelwe ososayensi abavela emazweni ahlukene eminyakeni ehlukene.
Gqoka inkolelo: umzimba uyindlela ephuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Imfundiso yengozi yamaphutha: ngenkathi yobudala, ukulimala kofuzo kuhlanganiswe ngenxa yezinguquko (okuzenzakalelayo noma okubangelwa izici zangaphandle).
Umqondo wokulimala kokucindezeleka: ukuguga kungumphumela wokucindezeleka, izinga lokugqoka komzimba womuntu kuxhomeke ekutheni ukucindezeleka.
Imfundiso ye-auto-toxification: imbangela yokuguga ukuqoqwa kwezidakamizwa emathunjini.
Inkolelo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo: inkolelo yokuguga okuhleliwe kwesilwane.
Imfundiso yokulondolozwa kolwazi: ukushintshwa okuqhubekayo kolwazi nokulahlekelwa kwayo emzimbeni kokubili ohlelweni, isibonelo, ku-DNA, ngezinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba.
Imfundiso ye-endocrine: imfihlo "yokuphila okuphakade" e-pituitary ne-hypothalamus.
Ithonya le-immunological: ukwehlisa amandla okuvikela ngokucindezeleka.
Inkolelo yezingqamuzana zamangqamuzana: ukuguga ngenxa yokulimala kwamangqamuzana eseli, okuholela ekuqongeni kwamaphutha kwisakhiwo samaphrotheni nokuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kweseli.
Ithiyori ye-Mitochondrial: ukunciphisa amandla okusebenza kwamaseli ngesikhatsi. (I-Mitochondria yi-organoid yeseli eqinisekisa ukuphefumula kwayo, ngenxa yalokho amandla atholakala khona).
Imfundiso yezinto ezilandelanayo : isizathu sezici ezilandelanayo eziqukethwe emzimbeni womuntu ezinemiqulu encane kakhulu ayikho ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-105.
Ithiyori ekhululekile: ithonya lama-radicals lilawulwa yi-pathologies eminingi, ikakhulukazi, umdlavuza, izifo zenhliziyo, isifo samathambo, isifo sobuchopho. Esikhathini sokuphila, ingxenyana encane yomoya-mpilo (kusuka ekugezeni okukhulu okudlula ngamangqamuzana) ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziphilayo zomoya-mpilo (ROS) - izidakamizwa ze-parasitic. I-AFC ihlala isikhashana futhi isabela namanye amaseli, ibhubhise. Ngenxa yokuhlaselwa, i-mitochondria yonakaliswe. Ukuqoqwa komonakalo onjalo kuyisisekelo sokuguga.
Inkolelo ye-"cross-linking": indima yezinto ezisebenzayo kuleli cala ushukela, ikakhulukazi, i-glucose. Ama-molecule we-ushukela, lapho enza ama-proteine, "ugoqa" ama-molecule e-protein. Amaseli aqala ukusebenza kanzima, aqoqa "udoti", izicubu azilahleki kahle.
Umbono we-apoptosis: ukuqaliswa kohlelo lokuzibulala kwamangqamuzana, ukuzibulala kwezinye izimo ezithile, ezifakwe kuwo.
Ithiyetha ye-Telomer: amangqamuzana angama-somatic angahlukanisa inani elithile lezikhathi. Ixhunywe nendlela yokwenza i-DNA kabili. Imikhawulo, emaphethelweni we-chromosomes ehambisanayo (i-telomeres) ngemuva kwesigaba ngasinye kufushane. Ngakho-ke, kufika isikhathi lapho iseli lingahluleki. Ubude be-telomere buxhomeke ekupheleni komuntu: omdala yilokho, ubude obude bama-telomeres buncane.
Ukuphakamisa inkolelo: indlela yokuguga iqala ukusebenza ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo emkhawulweni we-hypothalamus kuya ezingeni lama-hormone egazini. Njengoba uneminyaka yobudala, kuvela izimo ezihlukahlukene ze-pathological. Izinqubo ezibhubhisa emzimbeni zibangelwa iwashi lezinto eziphilayo ezizobala isikhathi sokuphila esikhululwe emzimbeni.
Izinto eziguga isikhathi eside
Ama-urchins aseLwandle ahlala iminyaka engu-200-300, ngaphandle kokuyeka ukukhula (okukhulu, omdala kusho). Futhi emva kweminyaka eyi-100 yokuphila ingakwazi ukukhiqiza inzalo ngenkuthalo.
I-Shellfish
I-Zhemchuzhnitsa Margaritifera iphila iminyaka engaba ngu-200, yonke impilo iyakwazi ukukhiqiza imibungu, ayifi ngenxa yezifo, kodwa yindlala, ngoba yonke impilo ikhula.
Futhi i-long-liver yangempela-engaphezu kweminyaka engama-4 eyinkulungwane; iminyaka engaphezu kwezingu-2,5 zeminyaka yepine kanye ne-sequoia enkulu.
E-USA kukhona i-pin "Methuselah", - umuthi omdala kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, iminyaka yobudala bephayini yiminyaka engu-4772.
Njengoba uneminyaka yobudala, amaseli we-stem ayancipha. Ekuqaleni, iningi lazo - iqanda elikhuliswe lihlukaniswe, lidala amangqamuzana amancane, aguqulwa abe ngabanye.
Enye ye-stem cell ingakwazi ukukhiqiza amaseli ambalwa ambalwa alula. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, isiguli sithola amangqamuzana angama-200-300 we-stem. Amaseli angaziwa angathunyelwa emzimbeni wesitoreji sesikhashana. Ngaphezu kwamangqamuzana amancane (agcinwe "ebhange" lomuntu ngamunye), amaseli we-donor asetshenziswayo - kusukela egazini legazi (elisetshenziswe kakhulu namuhla) namantombazane - kusuka kokuqukethwe okukhipha. Lokhu kubangela imibuzo, kokubili uhlelo lokuziphatha kanye nomthelela emzimbeni esikhathini esizayo. Umqondo we "cell stem" wethulwa ngo-1908 yi-physicist and foreblogist, u-Alexander Maksimov (1874-1928), owagcina iminyaka yokuphila kwakhe e-United States.