Kunezinhlobo ezine zokuphinda kabili: i-cystic, i-diverticular, i-tubular ne-segmental-intramural. Impahla evamile yazo zonke izimpendulo ukuxhumana kwabo abaseduze ne-esophagus nokuntuleka kokuxhumana nayo.
Ukuguqulwa kwama-cystic kuhlukile ngobukhulu, izinga lokuhlelwa kwe-mediastinum kanye nokuba khona kwe-mucosa odongeni lwangaphakathi. Ifomu alihambisani nesisindo, ububanzi buhluka kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10 cm. Indawo yakhiwe ikakhulukazi phezulu nangaphakathi kwesithathu kwe-oophagus.
Ukukhula kwama-cystic okuphindaphindiwe kwesigodlo sokunene kwesibindi kwenzeka izikhathi ezingu-2,5 kaningi kunokwesobunxele. Ukukhulumisana phakathi kwesigcawu sokuphindaphinda nokukhanyiswa kwesiguli noma i-bronchus kuyinto engavamile kakhulu futhi kwenzeka enkambeni yokuphindaphinda ukukhula njengengcindezi yalolu daba. I-membrane yamangqamuzana ehlanganisa ukukhanya kwangaphakathi kokuphindaphinda kufana nokuhlelwa kwesibonda sesisu (45.4%) noma isisindo (35.7%).
Izimpawu zomtholampilo
Ukubonakaliswa okubalulekile kwemitholampilo sekuvele kuqakathekile emnyakeni wokuqala wokuphila kwengane. Zibangelwa ngokuyinhloko ngokuphulwa kobuciko, ukucindezelwa kwe-trachea kanye ne-oophagus. Cishe ingxenye yengane inezibonakaliso ezihambisana nezinqubo ezenzeka ku-cyst ngokwayo, isibonelo, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-capsule kubangela ukuzwa okubuhlungu, ukuqoqwa kokuqukethwe nokumuncwa ngendwangu yayo yomswakama kubangela ukubonakala komkhuhlane. Kwezinye izimo, ukuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuphindaphinda kabili kwe-cystic ye-esophagus kugeleza kalula futhi kutholakala ngengozi nge-prophylactic ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray.
Naphezu kokunamathela kakhudlwana kwama-cysts odongeni lwesigcawu, ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo yokucindezela kwe-trachea ne-bronchi kubonakala ekuqaleni, okungenzeka kuxhunyaniswe nokufuduka okukhulu kwe-esophagus. Izimpawu zokucindezela zikhwehlela, umzwelo wokudabuka ekuphefumuleni. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuthuthukisa ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula, okuchazwe ngendlela yesigcawu, ukuvinjelwa okuyingxenye yendlela yokuphefumula. Okokugcina, ekugcineni, kuholela ekuthuthukiseni i-pneumonia enamandla noma engapheli, i-atelectasis ne-bronchiectasis.
Izimpawu zakamuva zokucindezelwa kwe-esophagus zibonakala ku-vytesrygivaniya, ukuhlanza kanye ne-dysphagia. Lezi zimpawu zinomphela, kanti ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula kwenzeka njengokwehluleka. Ukuphindaphinda nokuhlanza ngokushesha ngemva kokugwinya. Emanzini okuhlanza nokuhlanza kuqukethe ukudla okungashintshi.
Ukukhipha amanzi kungabangela ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-cystic kabili-ukwephulwa kwe-cyst ku-esopha noma ekuphefumuleni. Kulezi zimo, ukuhlanganiswa kwegazi kutholakala ku-sputum noma ku-regruited food gruel. Lapho i-cysts yokuphuma kwegazi ifihlekile (imimoya).
Ukuguqulwa kwama-cystic kuhlangene nokukhubazeka kwezintuthuko kwezinye izitho, ikakhulukazi nge-anomalies ekuthuthukiseni ama-vertebrae nezimbambo.
Njengoba azikho izimpawu zomtholampilo zokuphindaphindiwe kwe-cystic ye-esophagus, indlela ye-X-ray isetshenziselwa ukuyihlolisisa. Ngosizo lwale ndlela, ukuphindaphinda kabili kwe-cystic ye-esophagus kwembula ama-rounded formations e-mediastinum yangemuva, ngokuvamile ihlangene nokuguquguquka kokuzalwa kwama-vertebrae nezimbambo. Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka okuzungezile kumele kuhlukaniswe kusuka ezihlakalweni ezingenayo i-neurogenic, ama-cysts e-bronchogenic ne-dermoid, nama-abscesses. Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, kanye nokwedlule, akuvumeli ukutholakala ngokucacile kokuphindaphindiwe kwe-cystic ye-esophagus, ngoba izimpawu zokucindezela nokufuduka kwezakhiwo zifakazela ukuthi kukhona imfundo yokuziphendulela, kodwa hhayi imvelo yayo.
Akufundisi ngokwanele ukuhlolwa kwe-endoscopic ye-esophagus kanye nesihlahla sama-bronchial.
I-cyst puncture ibonakala iyingozi kakhulu, ngoba, ngaphandle kokushintsha noma yini ngokuphathelene nomkhuba wezokwelapha, kudala ingozi yokuthelela i-mediastinum tanni emnene.
Ukwelapha
Indlela kuphela yokwelashwa kokuphindaphindiwe kwe-cystic ye-esophagus iyasebenza (ukususwa kwe-cyst). Imiphumela yokwelapha ukwelashwa iyanelisa kakhulu.
Ngokuqondene nezinye izinhlobo ze-esophagus kabili, ziyizinto ezingavamile kakhulu futhi azibalulekile.
Khula enempilo!