Njengomthetho, ukwanda kwamanani okucindezela afana no 140/90 mm Hg. Art. ufakazela ukuthi ukugula okunamandla kakhulu kukubambile, ufisa ukuzibonakalisa kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo. Kodwa esikhathini sethu, kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, ungazwa kuphela ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani ukunqoba umfutho wegazi ophezulu kalula ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ngakho-ke uyayiphatha kanjani ingcindezi eyengeziwe ngokucabangela zonke izimpumelelo zakamuva zemithi yanamuhla?
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa kokudinga ukucindezeleka okubalulekile kuyadingeka, okokuqala, ukuqala ngezindlela ezingezona izidakamizwa zokuthonya ingcindezi yokuguquka komzimba. Izindlela ezinjalo zifaka okulandelayo:
- Ngesisindo somzimba ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukulahla ama-kilogram amaningi;
- Ukunciphisa ngokweqile ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo ezidakayo. Ummeli wesifo obuthakathaka ngosuku ngalunye uvumelekile ukuba angaphuzi okungaphezu kuka-350 milliliters kabhiya, 35 milliliters of vodka noma ama-milliliters angu-150 ewayini;
- Ukwandisa umsebenzi okwenziwe ngokomzimba. Kumsebenzi womzimba kubalulekile ukufaka ukuhamba ngezinyanga ezingu-30-45 zingaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-4;
- Ngokulinganisela ukunciphisa ukungenisa kwe-sodium. Ngosuku kunconywa ukuba ungadli ngaphezu kuka-6 amagremu wasawoti etafuleni;
- Kuyisibopho sokufaka phakathi kokudla kwakho imifino, izithelo nazo zonke imikhiqizo, okubandakanya i-magnesium, i-potassium ne-calcium;
- Yeka ukubhema futhi unciphise ukudla okune-cholesterol namafutha esilwane.
Ukusebenza kahle kwalezi zindlela ezilula kuboniswa imiphumela yocwaningo, olwenziwa ngabososayensi baseMelika. Njengoba kuvela, ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba kanye nokuvinjelwa ekusetshenzisweni kasawoti ekuphekeni kusivumele ukuba sikhansele ukwelashwa kwe-hypertension ngaphezu kweziguli ezingu-90%. Labo abalandela zonke izincomo ngendlela efanele, ukucindezelwa kwegazi kugxilile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abalahlekelwa isisindo futhi bazinciphisa ekusetshenzisweni kasawoti, bahlukanisa inani lokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo, ukushaya, i-myocardium, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo nokuhlelwa kwe-arrhythmia.
Ngendlela, ngesikhathi sesinqumo sombuzo mayelana nesidingo sokwelapha kubalulekile ukucabangela enye into ebalulekile. Kubantu abaningi, ukucindezelwa kwegazi kuphakeme ngesikhathi lapho kulinganiswa ehhovisi likadokotela. Lesi simo sabizwa ngokuthi "ijazi eliphakeme legazi eliphakeme." Lesi simo asixhunyiwe lutho ngaphandle kokusaba okukhulu. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ukucindezelwa komzimba kunconywa ukukala ekhaya. Namuhla, izindlela zokulinganisa ezizimele zikhona kuwo wonke umuntu. Uma izinkomba zokucindezela ezilinganiselwa ekhaya zivamile, kungenzeka ukuthi abantu abadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa noma kunjalo, lo mbuzo kufanele ukhulunywe nakanjani nochwepheshe wezokwelapha.
Futhi ukunikeza umbuzo onembile mayelana nesidingo sokwelashwa kungenziwa ngokuqapha kwansuku zonke kwengcindezi yegazi. Okubalulekile ukuthi isiguli sigxile ekuqapha, okulinganisa ukucindezeleka njalo ngemizuzu engu-10-20 ngokusebenzisa i-cuff elula. Yonke imiphumela isilungisiwe, futhi ngemva kwenkathi yamahora angu-24, udokotela angakwazi ukujwayela ukuguqulwa kwezinguquko kulezi zedatha. Ukutadisha umuzi onjalo akuvumela nje ukuxazulula inkinga yobukhona noma ukungabikho kwe "ingubo egxilile kakhulu", kodwa futhi kulungile ukukhetha umgomo omuhle wokuthatha imithi.
Ngesikhathi lapho ukwelashwa kukhethwe khona, kunconywa ukuba ulinganise ukushayela nokucindezelwa ekhaya njalo ngamahora angu-2-3 (ubusuku abukhishiwe). Yonke imiphumela kufanele ibhalwe futhi ithathwe nawe, uye kudokotela. Indlela elula kakhulu, elula futhi ekwazisa.
Namuhla, imithetho yokulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi yilezi:
- Wonke isiguli esinamandla kakhulu kufanele sibe nesisetshenziswa sokukala ukucindezelwa kwegazi.
- Kudingekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukunemba kwensimbi kanye nesikhathi kuso ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ulingane.
- Ukulinganisa kwengcindezi yegazi kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ehlombe.
Noma kunjalo, izinkomba zokucindezela okuvamile kumuntu ekugubheni iminyaka engu-30 ye-50 azifani. Imigomo yobudala ikhona kuphela kubantwana.
Kuze kudingekile izinga lokunciphisa ukucindezelwa nokuthi ungumuntu kanjani onomshini osebenzayo we-160/40 mm Hg. futhi akhalazi ngezempilo?
160/140 mm Hg. ingumkhawulo ongaphezulu wejwayelekile. Ngamanye amazwi, lokhu "yizinga elibhekele ukucindezelwa kwegazi". Ngokwezifundo eziningana zamazwe ngamazwe amakhulu, ukwehliswa kwengcindezi yezinga elibhekiswe ngokuphawulekayo kunciphisa amathuba okwakhiwa kwe-cerebral stroke kanye ne-infyoction ye-myocardial. Kulabo abaphethwe yisifo sikashukela, izinga lokubhekisisa kwegazi lingaphansi kuka 130/75 mm Hg.
Ukuthatha imithi nge-hypertension ngesikhathi sokucindezela kwegazi okwenziwe kuvunyelwe. Namuhla, imishanguzo ithathwa njalo ngaphandle kwesizinda sokuhambisana nezindlela ezingezona ezisebenzisiwe. Ukwelashwa kukhethwe ngendlela yokuthi ingcindezi yomzimba ye-cardiovascular does not exceed 140 mm Hg, futhi phakathi nosuku kwakunezinsipho ezimbalwa. Ngesikhathi sosizo olukhethwe kahle nangendlela efanele, uma kuqhuma iziqu, zivame ukungabi nabalulekile.
Imithi emisha ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwengcindezi
Eminyakeni yamuva, isayensi ehlola ukunyuka kwengcindezi yokuguga sekude kakhulu. Phakathi neminyaka engama-90, indawo ye-adelphan nezinye izidakamizwa ezihlanganisiwe ezindala, ezinemiphumela emibi, zashintsha imithi equkethe i-single-chemical substance. Lokhu, njengomthetho, wanikeza umthamo ocacile wemithi kanye nokubikezela kwezinkinga zabo nemiphumela emibi. Kwakukhona ngisho amaphilisi aphuza ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwesikhashana kwezinto ezisebenzayo, okulula kakhulu ngoba zingathathwa kanye kuphela ngosuku.
Namuhla, izinhlobo ezintsha zemithi zisathuthukiswa, kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokuthinta umzimba weziguli ezinegazi eliphakeme. Futhi, zakhiwe ebuchwepheni obusha buhlanganiswe namaphilisi futhi zanikezwa njengezidakamizwa zanamuhla nezokuphepha. Lezi zidakamizwa ezintsha zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili:
- Amathebulethi, izinto ezisebenzayo ezihlanganisiwe ngokuphelele, ngenkathi zithuthukisa umphumela womunye nomunye. Kulezi amaphilisi, amanani wezingxenye ayanciphisa. Imithi enjalo ilula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ngenxa yokulinganisa okuncane kakhulu kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
- Amathebulethi, lapho okwakhiwa khona izingxenye zithinta izinyathelo eziningana zokuthuthukiswa komfutho wegazi ophezulu. Zonke izinto ezisebenzayo ziqukethe amanani ajwayelekile. Imithi yalolu hlobo iyalulwe iziguli lapho kunzima ukuphatha khona umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
Ngokwezifundo zamazwe ngamazwe, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kweziguli ezinegazi lokugxila kubonakala uma usebenzisa amaphilisi ahlanganisiwe.
Futhi wokugcina. Zonke izidakamizwa zanamuhla azibangeli ubuthongo, ubuhlungu nokucindezeleka. Yonke yale miphumela emibi yayiyizici zezidakamizwa ezazisetshenziselwa ukuphathwa kakhudlwana kakhulu.