Ijusi le-Pancreatic liqukethe ama-enzyme abandakanyeka ekugayeni kokudla. Ifihlwa emgodini we-pancreatic, ohlangene nokuvulwa kwe-biling evamile engxenyeni engenhla yamathumbu amancane (kuya kwe-duodenum). Esikhathini sesibindi samathumbu ngokusebenzisa le duct ifika ijusi elilodwa le-pancreatic ne bile kusuka kokubili ama-bile amadoksi ebindi nesuka kwi-gallbladder. Amahomoni akhiqizwa ama-pancreas afaka i-insulin ne-glucagon. Zithunyelwa ngokuqondile egazini futhi zilawula amazinga kashukela egazini. Indlela yokuphatha umdlavuza we-pancreatic futhi yiziphi izinkinga?
Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-pancreatic
• Ubuhlungu emuva, ngokuvamile bubi ebusuku.
• I-jaundice.
• Ukuhlunga (okujwayelekile kweziguli ze-icteric).
• Isisindo sokulahlekelwa.
• Impilo embi.
• Ukuvota.
• I-fatty stool (i-steatorrhea - indwangu yombala ophaphathekile, ovuthayo kanye nephunga elimnandi).
• Ukuphazamiseka kokugaya.
• Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezifana nokoma nokukhishwa kwemvini enkulu. Umdlavuza we-Pancreatic uvame ukutholakala ezinyathelweni eziphambili, ngoba izimpawu zivame ukungabi nhlobo futhi zingalingisa ezinye izimo, isibonelo, isifo sofuba esiswini. Ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, i-tumor ivame ukukhula nxazonke zezakhiwo ezizungezile-isibindi, isisu, amathumbu, amaphaphu kanye nama-lymph nodes. Isizathu esiqondile somdlavuza we-pancreatic asiyazi, kodwa kukholelwa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo kuthinteka yizici ezilandelayo:
• Ukubhema (kabili ingozi).
• Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwama-pancreas (i-pancreatitis engavamile).
• Isifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi asebekhulile.
• Imiphumela yezingcolisi zezimboni kanye ne-DDT (inambuzane).
• Ukususwa ngokukhethekile kwesisu (gastrectomy eyingxenye).
Ukuhlukunyezwa
Umdlavuza we-Pancreatic uhlala endaweni yesihlanu phakathi kwezicubu ezimbi futhi izigameko zikhula njalo. Lapho usemncane, lesi sifo sivame kakhulu emadodeni kunabesifazane, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lo mmahluko ususiwe. Lapho ehlola iziguli ngokusola ngesifo se-pancreatic, udokotela ngokuvamile uthola ukuphuza kwesiguli kwesikhumba kanye nezibilini ezinomunyu, ukwanda kwesibindi nesibindi senyongo (okumele kubekwe ngaphansi komphetho ophansi wezindleko). Isibonakaliso sokugcina singase sibonise kokubili isisu esiqeda ama-excretory bucts nama-gallstones. Inkambo yocwaningo ihlanganisa:
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukucacisa ukusebenza kwesibindi (izivivinyo ze-hepatic functional).
• Ukuskena kwe-Ultrasound - okusetshenziselwa ukuthola isifo, kanye nokulawula ukunikezwa kwenaliti ngesikhathi se-biopsy.
• I-CT (i-computed tomography) kanye / noma i-MRI (i-imagination magnontic resonance) - inikezela isithombe se-digital sesitho zangaphakathi zesigxobo esiswini.
• Izindlela ze-Endoscopic - zinikeza umbono oqondile ngodonga lwangaphakathi lwamathumbu amancane.
• I-ERCP (i-endoscopic retrograde i-cholangiopancreatography) iyisifundo lapho ithubhu eguquguqukayo iqhutshwa emlonyeni nasesisu emathunjini amancane, emva kwalokho i-agent ehlukile ejojelwa emgodini we-bile ovamile ukuthola inselelo.
• I-laparoscopy - ukwethulwa kwe-laparoscope emgodini wesisu ngokusebenzisa ukufakwa okuncane kwodonga lwesisu nangethuba lokuthatha i-biopsy. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic kuncike ekuguleni kwesiguli kanye nesimo somphakathi jikelele, ubukhulu besisu kanye nesilinganiso sokusabalalisa.
Ukuhlinzwa
Amathumba amancane avela ezicubu ze-pancreatic angaphulukiswa ngokususa lonke noma ingxenye yelungu. Ngokusebenza okunamandla, ingxenye yamathumbu amancane nesisu, i-bile duct, isisindo sesibindi, isilwane nama-lymph nodes eseduze nendawo yesilonda ingasuswa. Lokhu kungenelela okunzima kakhudlwana, ukufa okulandelayo emva kwalokho kuhlale kuphakeme, nakuba kuye kwehla kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwe-anesthesia nobuchwepheshe bokuhlinza. Ngezicubu ezingasebenzi, ukwelashwa kuqondiswa, kunalokho, ukunciphisa izimpawu. Uma i-tumor icindezela i-biling buct evamile, ukuhlinzeka nge-palliative kungenziwa ukuze ubuyisele i-lumen yayo ngokufaka i-metal conductor (stent) ngesikhathi se-ERCP. Ngenxa yalokhu ukuxhaphaza, isiguli sikhululeka ngokubamba nokuncipha kwe-jaundice.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-radiation kanye ne-chemotherapy kusetshenziselwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza nokunciphisa ubukhulu be-tumor, kodwa umphumela wabo ulula kunokuba ukwelapha. Ingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokwelapha i-painkillers enamandla, ngokwesibonelo, ukulungiselela amakhemikhali omlomo omdala okwenziwa isikhathi eside; Ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile bokulethwa kwezidakamizwa kwimodi evuthayo kungasetshenziswa.
Isibikezelo
Ukuchazwa kwe-carcoma ye-pancreatic kuyiphutha kakhulu, ngoba cishe iziguli ezingu-80% zinesifo esivele sesisakaze kwi-lymph nodes ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa.
Ukusinda
I-2% kuphela yeziguli ezinomdlavuza we-pancreatic zisinda emgodini weminyaka emihlanu, iziguli ezine-tumor ezingasebenzi ezingakafiki amasonto angu-9 ngemva kokuxilongwa. Uma isisu sisusiwe, ukuguqulwa kwesibindi kuthuthukisa ngo-10%.