I-neoplasm ye-Benign
Ukwenza izifo ezincane zezinyosi ezincane zihlanganisa ama-fibroadenomas, ama-cysts nama-abscesses. I-Fibroadenoma - isisu esiqukethe izicubu ezinamahloni nezixhumene. Ngokuvamile akusizi ubuhlungu, kepha ubuhlungu be-syndrome buyakwenzeka uma kutholakala uketshezi okweqile emathisini asebele. I-Fibroadenomas ingaba yodwa futhi iningi. Ziselula ngaphakathi kwezicubu zesifuba, ezithambile futhi ezithambile kuya othintweni. Ama-cysts webele angabodwa noma amaningi, aqinile noma athambile kumathinta; ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokungenakwenzeka, kodwa kungaba nobuhlungu. Ama-abscess of the gland gland yizicucu ezibuhlungu ezigcwele ubuhlungu; ehambisana nokucindezeleka okukhulu.
Umdlavuza webele
Ama-tumor amathumba amahlaya avame ukuthukuthela ekuthinteni, abe nesimo esingavamile futhi angaphansi kweselula kune-fibroadenomas. Ngokuvamile ababuhlungu. Amafolda kanye nezilonda zingase zivele esikhunjeni esiseduze. Ama-lymph nodes axillary, njengombuso, akhuliswa, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona izindawo ezivela kumlenze. Uma kusetshenziselwa isisu kunezinye izitho, izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu emuva, ikhanda, i-dyspnea ne-ascites zenzeka.
Izicubu ze-Benign
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fibroadenoma ye-mammary gland kungase kuhlotshaniswe nezimo ze-hormonal. Ama-Cysts avame ukuvela kubesifazane abangenayo, kanye nokuhlukunyezwa komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Ama-abscesses omzimba ngokuvamile ahlobene nokutheleleka nge-bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus).
Umdlavuza webele
Izinto ezihlobene nengozi ekhulayo yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza webele zibandakanya: ukulungiswa kwefa. Kukholelwa ukuthi ngamaphesenti angu-10%, umdlavuza webele usubangelwa izakhi zofuzo. Njengamanje, ngokwesibonelo, kwaziwa ukuthi i-BRCA 1 igciwane libhekene namaphesenti angama-30% omdlavuza wesifuba kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-45; amacala wangaphambili omdlavuza oyinhloko wama-ovari, isisu noma ama-glands amancane; ukuqala esikhathini sokuqala; ukukhulelwa kokuqala kwesikhathi esigcwele kuneminyaka engama-35; ukuthatha isisu sokubeletha kwe-hormonal - kuhambisana nokunyuka okuncane engozini, okuyinto eyancipha ngemva kokuphela kokuvunyelwa kwabo; i-hormone replacement therapy (i-HRT) (ukuqokwa kwama-estrogen ngemuva kokuqala kokuya esikhathini) iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 - kwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza webele nge-50%; ukwedlula ngokweqile kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini; ukubhema iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30; ukwelapha imishanguzo yesifo sikaHodgkin - laba besifazane basengozini enkulu.
I-neoplasm ye-Benign
I-Fibroadenomas ivame kakhulu emantombazaneni nakwabesifazane abasebasha abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Ama-cyst of gland glands afana kakhulu nabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-40-50 ubudala. Ama-abscesses wesifuba atholakala ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abancancisayo.
Umdlavuza webele
Umdlavuza wesibeletho uthatha indawo yokuqala ekufakeni ukuhlukunyezwa kwabesifazane. Akuvamile kubantu besifazane abasha, kodwa imvamisa yayo ikhula kancane kancane. Uma owesifazane enesifo se-neoplasm esiswini, kudingeka kuhlolwe ngokucophelela ukucacisa uhlobo lokugxila kwengqondo. Uhlelo lokuhlola lubandakanya i-ultrasound, i-mammography ne-aspiration biopsy, lapho isampula encane ye-tumor sampuliwe ngokusebenzisa inaliti ekhethekile yokuhlolwa okuncane okulandelayo.
Ama-cysts webele
I-fluid aspirated kusuka cyst ibuye ihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. I-biopsy yokuhlinzeka ingadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okuqondile.
Ukuhlola
I-Mammography ingathola umdlavuza webele esifundeni sokuqala, ngesayizi somzimba we-1 mm ububanzi, ngaphambi kokuba iqale ukucaciswa (kusuka ku-1 cm ububanzi). I-Mammography iyona efundisa kakhulu kunabadala asebekhulile abanomzimba ophansi wezicubu ezigulisayo. Kunconywa ukuthi bonke abesifazane beseneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala njalo eminyakeni emibili. Iziguli ezinemiphumela yokwelashwa kufanele ziqhubeke nokuhlolwa. Ngomlando womndeni obunzima wesifo somdlavuza webele, i-mammography ingabhalwa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40. Ngokuya ngesimo se-tumor, ukwelapha ukwelashwa, imisebe noma i-chemotherapy kunqunywe. Ngokwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkinga ezibucayi, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa:
- Fibroadenoma
Uma i-tumor iyanda ngobukhulu noma ibangela ukukhathazeka, isuswa ngokuhlinzwa.
- Ama-Cysts
Zingavame ukuthunjwa nge-puncture. Ngokuphindaphindiwe, ukukhishwa kwe-cyst kungenzeka.
- Ama-abscesses
Kwezinye izimo, ukusebenzisa kahle ama-antibiotics, njengechungechunge lwe-penicillin, kodwa ngokuvamile kudinga ukuvulwa nokugeleza kwe-abscess. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukususa isisu, kanye nokuvimbela ukubuyela emuva kanye nemetastasis. Uma lesi sifo sincike e-estrogen, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinga le-estrogen linciphisa ngemithi noma ngokuhlinzwa.
Ukwelapha okuhlinzwa
Izinketho zokwelapha okuhlinzekwa zihlanganisa ukukhipha isisu, ukususwa okuyingxenye noma okuphelele kwe-mammary gland (i-mastectomy). Futhi, ama-lymph nodes ase-axillary avame ukujabulisa ukuze avimbele imetastasis. Ukususwa kwe-ovarian (oophorectomy) kunconywa ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen.
I-radiation kanye ne-chemotherapy
Izindlela zokwelashwa eziphumelelayo manje sezikhona ezinikezela isikhathi eside sokuphila okuhle; isibonelo, i-chemotherapy ne-cyclophosphamide, methotrexate kanye ne-5-fluorouracil inciphisa ukufa kwabantu besifazane abakwa-premenopausal ngo-25%. Cishe yonke i-fibroadenoma yesihlanu iphela ngokuzimela ngaphandle kokwelashwa, kanti kwezinye izimo nje iqhubeka isanda ngobukhulu. Ama-fibroadenomas amaningi ahlala engashintshi ngaphambi kokuqala kokuya esikhathini, okuvame ukubonwa ngawo ukuphindaphinda. Cishe ku-1 kuya kwezingu-10 zama-cysts ngemuva kokukhipha, futhi ku-50% wamacala ane-cyst eyodwa kamuva. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza webele. Ukwenza ngcono izindlela zokwelashwa eminyakeni yamuva kunganciphisa kakhulu ukufa okuvela kumdlavuza webele. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kokuqala kubaluleke kakhulu, kusukela ezincane ubukhulu be-tumor, kube ngcono kakhulu ukuchazwa kwesiguli. Inani leminyaka emihlanu lokusinda phakathi kwabesifazane abanezicubu ezingaphansi kwe-2 cm kuya ku-90%, kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-5 cm - kufika ku-60%.