Umlando wezinkuni zesikhumba
Bafika nini lapho bephethe izinkuni? Ubani owasungula izinti? Izinti zesikhumba zakhiwa yiJapane - zihlala zisungula izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo nezisha, bese yonke le "inkaba" isetshenziswe yizwe lonke futhi iyamemeza: "Hhayi, yilokho!". Ngokuvamile, amaJapane asungula isikhuni isikhathi eside, noma kunalokho, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-12. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlanzi zaseJapane zaqala ukwenza inyama emhlophe emhlophe, ebizwa ngokuthi "surimi". Ngaleso sikhathi imikhiqizo eyayiqediwe-imikhonto, ama-koloboks-ayilungisiwe kusuka kulokhu ukugqoka ezimhlophe. Khona-ke le mikhiqizo eyisiqephu esiphezulu yaphulwa, ibhakwa, igwetshwe ngokufakwa kwama-condiments awo aseJapane. Phakathi kwabantu abathandwa kakhulu izinhlanzi eziqinile kakhulu - "kamaboko".
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaJapane aqala ukuzama ukuthekelisa lo mkhiqizo, kodwa imakethe "emisha" ayamukelekile. Abantu bamazwe asentshonalanga bathi amabhola e-surimi abukeka njengenjoloba ngokunambitheka kwensipho nokuthi ngisho nezinja ngeke zisebenzise.
Kodwa ngekhulu lama-20 ngawo-1970, konke kwashintsha kakhulu-umkhiqizo ovela ku-surimi wathandana nalo lonke izwe eliphucukile. Kodwa yimiphi imfihlo yempumelelo ephumelela ngaleyo ndlela? Futhi impumelelo yayiwukuthi embonini yokudla yamazwe amaningi ngaleso sikhathi, izithasiselo zokudla ezinjengama-cacaromatizers, amade, ama-flavor enhancers, nezinye izithelo zokutholakala kwesayensi zaqala ukusetshenziswa kabanzi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umkhiqizo we-surimi, owaqondakala kubantu abahlukanisayo, wazalwa kabusha emithonjeni "engekho" eyaziwayo namuhla (inyama yokukhohlisa).
Izinti ze-Crab seziye zasetshenziswa kakhulu eYurophu, eMelika, eRussia, naseJapane, njengakuqala, konke kwahamba ngendlela efanayo - ingxenye yesikhumba se-palochezes yonke imikhiqizo eyenziwa ku-akhawunti ye-surimi ngamaphesenti ayishumi kuphela.
Kusukela kulokho izinti zamakhrayoni ezilungiselelwe
Ukuze kulungiswe i-surimi ekhulwini lama-12, inhlanzi enhle engcono yayisetshenzisiwe, okwakunobungane obuhle bemvelo. Njengamanje, akuzona izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingcono kunazo zonke ezihlanjululwayo, okuvame ukulungiselela ukulungiselela i-whitefish, ngokwesibonelo, i-blue whiting, i-haddock, i-pollock, i-perch, i-hake. Izinhlanzi zokudoba zihlanza okokuqala, zigayekile, bese zisusa umswakama owedlule zidluliselwa nge-centrifuge. Umphumela wukukhanya okulula, bese ushukela, isitashi kanye nosawoti kufakwa kuwo - kuvela ukuba kube yi-surimi. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi amabhizinisi okudla eRussia amabhizinisi ngokwawo akwazi ukukhiqiza i-surimi, abakhetha ukuyithenga phesheya - e-US, eCanada, e-Argentina, futhi lapho ekhona kakade abalungiselela izinti zomgwaqo ngqo.
Esikhathini se-surimi, izithako ezihlukahlukene ziyanezelwa: amaqanda amhlophe, amafutha omifino, isitashi, amaprotheni wemifino, ama-stabilizers, ama-flavour, amanzi ahlanzekile, ama-thickeners, amatala wombala obomvu okhangayo (njenge-caramine noma i-carrageenan) ne-flavor enhancers. Ngakho-ke, emkhiqizo wezinhlanzi zezinhlanzi uhlala ezingeni elilodwa kuphela, kodwa ngokuvamile umkhiqizo uqukethe izinhlanzi ezingaphezu kuka-25% wezinhlanzi, futhi lokhu kubhekwa njengesivalo esivamile. Ngokuvamile, isilinganiso sephesenti sezithako akucacisiwe ekufakweni komkhiqizo, noma kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuthenga, kungcono ukufunda okuqukethwe komkhiqizo.
Njengamanje, abathengi abaningi bayazi ukuthi izithako ezikuloluhlu lokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo yizo zokuqala zokwenza ingxenye enkulu yomkhiqizo. Ngenxa yalokho, uma emkhiqizo womkhiqizo owokuqala "u-surimi", kungaphetha ngokuthi lo mkhiqizo ungumgangatho owamukelekayo, futhi ungathengwa ngokuphepha. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi "surimi" ibhalwe endaweni yesibili, inamba yezinhlanzi emkhiqizo incishisiwe. Uma leli gama lingekho ohlwini, ke, ngokulandelana, izinhlanzi, futhi, kukhona amaprotheni kuphela we-soy, isitashi kanye nezikhundla ezihlukahlukene. Kulesi simo, kungcono ukungathengi izinti ezinjalo.
Manje mayelana nezithasiselo zokudla. Namuhla, ngaphandle kokudla, akukho lutho olukwazi ukukwenza, futhi izinkuni zezinkuni azifani. Kodwa kuze kube manje eRussia kuvunyelwe lezo zithako ukuthi kwamanye amazwe sekuvinjelwe kuvinjelwe isikhathi eside. Kuqondene nezithasiselo ezinobungozi, njenge-E420, E450, E171, E160 - lezi zithasiselo zingabangela ukubola, kanye nezifo ezingapheliyo. E-Russia, lezi zithasiselo ziyasetshenziswa ngokuqinile, kodwa emazweni e-EU avinjelwe.
Ochwepheshe abaningi nabakhiqizi bazama ukuqinisekisa umthengi ukuthi izithasiselo eziyingozi zamakhemikhali enani elincane lengozi azibangeli. Mhlawumbe, ikakhulukazi uma ungacabangi ukuthi sithenga njalo imikhiqizo ezitolo zethu eziqukethe inqwaba yezinto ezinjalo, kanye nezinkuni zesikhumba, esikhundleni sezinye izithako, sengeza cishe wonke ama-saladi.
Kunoma yikuphi, umthengi ngamunye unquma ukuthi iyiphi umkhiqizo ozoyithenga, kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga izitshalo zomgwaqo, cabanga ngalokhu. Ukungahlambuluki kwe-microbiological komkhiqizo kuyingozi nakakhulu kunokuqukethwe kwamakhemikhali amakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi uma sicabanga ukuthi umkhiqizo ochazwe kithi awuhambisani nokwelashwa okushisa. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthenga imikhiqizo emaphaketheni we-vacuum abakhiqizi abathandwayo, kodwa izinketho eziphansi ezingabizi kufanele zigwenywe.
Khetha izintambo zomhlanga
Yiziphi izindleko zokuthenga izinti zezihlahla? Ukunakekelwa kufanele kubhalelwe kuqala ekubukeni: izinkuni zezinkuni kufanele zibe zihle futhi zihle, kufanele zibe ezithambile, zihlanzekile, zifanele zifane nenyama yezinkukhu futhi kufanele zibukeke zikhangayo. Izitshalo eziqinile, ezomile nezingenayo zokuqina ezithengayo akufanelekile, ngoba lezi zinti ayinambitha, njengoba kungekho nzuzo. Ungathengi futhi izinti kusuka efrijini, lapho uwela phansi kwezingu-18 ngaphansi kwezinga.
Izinti ze-Crab akufanele ziqhwa futhi. Uma ukupakisha kuneqhwa kanye / noma iqhwa, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umkhiqizo usubanjwe ngokuphindwe kaningi. Emaphaketheni kufanele kube nolwazi mayelana nomkhiqizi, izimo zokugcina kanye nokuphila kwelanga, futhi izinti ohlangothini olulodwa kufanele zibe ngombala ngokucophelela futhi ngokulinganayo.
Ngakho-ke, izinkuni zezinkuni azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi umkhiqizo owusizo, ngoba wonke amaminerali, amavithamini namafutha awusizo alahlekile ngenkathi epheka omuncu, kumkhiqizo kukhona amaprotheni kuphela enhlanzi.