Primrose: izitshalo zangaphakathi

I-Primula (Primula L.) - isitshalo esivela emndenini we-primrose. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500 ezisabalaliswa kuyo yonke indawo, ikakhulukazi endaweni epholile kanye nebhande lezintaba zase-Alpine. Igama le-genus livela egameni primus (ngesiLatini - sokuqala). Ngoba amanye ama-primroses aqala ukuqhakaza kakhulu kakhulu.

Abamele be-genus yizihlahla zonyaka nonyaka ezingapheli, ngezinye izikhathi neziqu-imicibisholo ngaphandle kwamaqabunga. Esikhathini sokuphuma kwezimpande kukhona amaqabunga. Izimbali zokujwayela okuvamile, izilwanyana eziyisihlanu, ikakhulukazi eziphuzi, ezibomvu noma ezibomvu, ezincane ze-inflorescences, ezingavamile ukuba zodwa. I-calyx tubular, noma i-campanulate; I-Corolla nge-tube ne-spicate noma umlenze omise umnsalo. Izithelo - ibhokisi.

Izakhamuzi zaseGrisi lasendulo zazicabange ukuthi empilweni yokuqala yikhambi lokuphulukisa kuzo zonke izifo. Emaqabunga awo kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-carotene, i-vitamin C, i-glycosides, i-carbohydrate, ama-acids e-organic kanye namafutha abalulekile. Ngakho-ke, kuyisiko ukuthatha i-decoction ye-primrose ne-rheumatism, ikhanda elihlukahlukene, ukuwaphatha nge-bronchitis, ukukhwehlela okukhwehlela kanye ne-pneumonia. Umsuka we-primrose unomphumela we-diuretic ne-diaphoretic, ungathuthukisa ukufihla kwesisu, kusebenze umzimba.

Ukuze uqinise isimiso sezinzwa, amaJalimane aphuza izimbali ezomile ze-primroses futhi aziphuze esikhundleni setiyi. ENgilandi, amaqabunga ama-primrose amancane ngokuvamile adliwa njengesaladi, futhi izimpande zisetshenziselwa esikhundleni sezinongo.

Esikhathini esidlule, ama-decoctions avela ezimpandeni asetshenziselwa ukuphatha ukusetshenziswa kanye nomkhuhlane, okwenza ama-teas avuselelayo namafutha avela eczema. Namuhla, i-primrose ikhulile njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.

Ukunakekela isitshalo

Amapulangwe e-Primula okudingeka afakwe ekamelweni elipholile efasiteleni elikhanyayo, ekamelweni elihle. Isitshalo sidinga isibalo esikhulu sokukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa kufanele sifihleke elangeni. Amawindi angcono amahlangothi asempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Lesi sitshalo singakwazi ukubekezelela isithunzi, sikhule kahle efasiteleni elisenyakatho.

Ku-primroses, umoya olinganiselayo uyadingeka kusuka ku-12 kuya ku-16 ° C ngenkathi izimbali (kulezi zimo, izimbali zizohlala isikhathi eside). Akuzona izimbi ezimbi ezimbali ezikhungweni zokugcina ezingasetshenziswanga noma phakathi kwamafasitela ewindi.

Ukuphuza lezi zindlu kufanele kube okulinganayo, okuneziningi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza (umswakama wenhlabathi kufanele ube yifane, kepha ukuqhuma kwamanzi akufanele kuvunyelwe), uketshezi olunothile oluphansi olomile olomile olungenhla lwe-substrate, akunakwenzeka ukumanzisa amaqabunga. Kubalulekile ukuvikela emanzini amaqabunga aphakathi, uqale ukuthuthukisa. Ukuphuza okungezansi kungcono kakhulu.

I-primrose kahle ibekezelela ukugqoka okuphezulu kwamanzi avela kwesisombululo sezinyoni zezinyoni ezinamazinga amancane kanye nezibalo. Ukondla izimbali kuyadingeka ngoJuni futhi ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, okokuqala - umanyolo ophilayo, owesibili - ammonium nitrate (eyodwa nengxenye gr.

Umhlabathi we-primrose udinga ukondleka kakhulu, unomsoco (pH we-oda ka-6). Okusemandleni okuqala okuyisithambile okuyisithambile yihlabathi elingenayo izakhi. Ingxube yomsoco ingalungiswa kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala ye-sod, izingxenye ezimbili zezwe eliqothukile kanye nengxenye yesihlabathi. Kudingeka inhlabathi encane ene-acidic, ngakho-ke ingxenye eyodwa yenhlabathi ye-coniferous kufanele ifakwe engxenyeni.

I-Primula - izitshalo ezisakazwa ngosizo lwembewu, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa izihlahla ezindala, izimpande zempande.

I-primrose e-reverse-conical kufanele ihlwanyelwe ngo-Ephreli-Meyi emibhokisini ebusweni bomhlabathi onesihlabathi we-0.5 gr. imbewu endishini. Amanzi besebenzisa isibhamu sophampa. Ukumboza izitshalo ngeglasi kanye nendawo efasiteleni, ufihla amahlumela kusukela emisebeni yelanga. Kudingekile ukuba ugcine u-18 ° C. C. Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, amahlumela azovela. Izithombo ezincane kufanele zifakwe kabili, bese zitshalwe ngo-9-cm. Isitsha sezimbali ezimbili noma ezintathu. Ingxube yokudla okunomsoco ingakulungiswa kusuka kwenye ingxenye yezinhlanzi, izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba wokushisa komhlaba kanye nengxenye yesihlabathi. Njengoba izimbali zikhula kabili noma kathathu zidluliselwa ezitsheni ezinkulu.

Imbewu yezitshalo ze-primula ingatshalwa ngaphandle kokushintshwa, ukutshala ngokushesha masinyane ngo-13-cm. izimbiza zezitshalo ezimbili noma ezintathu, wanezela engxenyeni yezinyosi ezomile zobumba. Ngalendlela yokukhula kwe-primrose ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.

I-primrose esebenzisekile isakazwa yizimbewu, ezakhiwa emva kokuvotela kwembali ngezimbali eziningi. Imbewu idinga ukuhlwanyelwa ngoJuni-Julayi emabhokisini noma amabhokisi. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-30 izithombo zidinga ukuba zihanjiswe ezimbizeni ezinezingxenye ezintathu zamasentimitha angu-3x4, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-30 zingatshalwa kabusha (isibonelo, 8x8 cm). Ngo-Okthoba, udinga ukufika ngo-11-13-cm. izimbiza. Izinyanga eziyisithupha emva kokuhlwanyela, izimbali zokuqala zizovela. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, isakhiwo esakhiweni kufanele sigcinwe kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-12 ° C. Ekwindla nasebusika kufanele kuncishiswe kusuka ku-8 kuya ku-10 ° C.

I-Primrose ingaqhubeka isakazwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Lapho lesi sitshalo sishaya, ngoMeyi senziwa endaweni evulekile ukuze kutholakale ukuphumula okuphoqelelwe. Izimbali kufanele ziphuze ukuze zingavumeli ukuma. Uma iziqu ziqala ukukhula, izihlahla kufanele zihlukaniswe zibe izingcezu ezimbalwa bese ziphonsa emabhokisini emhlabathini ongenalutho futhi onomsoco. Uma ukutshala akunakwenzeka ukucwilisa izitshalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi i-rosette isesenhlabathini. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuqhuma okungcono, ibhokisi lidingeke limbozwe ngilazi bese lifakwa efasiteleni elikhanyisiwe. Khona-ke ama-primroses kufanele atshalwe ngamabhodlela angu-9-cm, futhi ngemva kwenyanga - ngo-13-cm.

Ngesikhathi sokukhula njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi kuya kweyishumi nambili, kuyadingeka ukondla izitshalo ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka (2 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi) amaminerali amaminerali, bese usika amaqabunga endala.

I-Primrose nge-rosette eyodwa yamaqabunga kanye nesimiso sezinto ezibuthakathaka, lapho kunzima ukuhlukanisa khona isihlahla, kunwetshwa ngokuqothula kwamahlumela axillary. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngaphansi kwekhola lempande, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa i-petiole yamaqabunga nezinso (ukusika amapheshana) kanye nengxenye yehlumela, ukuyihlwithe emfuleni wesihlabathi (ukuhlwanyela), ugcwale ungqimba lwesigamu esingu-2 cm kwisigcawu sehlabathi elimnyama noma elingu-peaty. I-Cuttings kufanele itshalwe ngaphansi kokuncipha, izinso kuze kube yi-1 cm ejulile.

Ukusika kunezimpande, kufanele kufakwe ekamelweni elikhanyayo nge-t ° kusuka ku-16 kuya ku-18 ° C, isanti liyakunciphisa ngokulinganayo futhi ungakhohlwa ukupenda. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, amaqabunga ama-3-4 amaqabunga azokhula kusukela ezinso, okudingeka adalwe ku-7-9 cm. izitsha. Ukuxubana komhlaba kulungiselelwe kusuka ezinqenqemeni (izingxenye ezine), ama-humus (izingxenye ezimbili) no-1 ingxenye yesihlabathi. Izoqhakaza emva kwezinyanga ezingu-5-6.

Izinkinga ekukhuleni

Uma kunomswakama kakhulu, kungaba khona ukunqotshwa nge-gray gray.

Uma i-t ° iphakeme kakhulu, umoya usomile, kukhona ukuqhuma komswakama, uma amanzi ophuza izitshalo ziqinile, futhi ukufaka umquba wokusebenzisa umquba omquba kakhulu, amaqabunga angahle aphuzi futhi izimpande zibe zibomvu.

Uma umoya ekamelweni selomile futhi lilishisayo, izimbali ziphelela ngokushesha.

Uma kufakwe endaweni efudumele kakhulu futhi eyomile, kungase kube khona ukulimala kwama-aphid kanye nesicabucabu.