Uma sikhuluma ngomntwana oneminyaka engaphezulu konyaka, ukudla kwakhe kuhluke ngokuphelele futhi akubuki njengokudla kwezingane. Umzimba womntwana oyedwa uhlukile kakhulu, uye wakhula futhi uyakwazi ukuthatha ukudlaapproximated to an adult, yonke imisebenzi yomzimba iye yaqina. Ngalesi sikhathi ingane ithola amazinyo obisi, ekuqaleni kunezinhlobo ezingu-8 zazo, kakade uneminyaka engu-1.5 ubudala, cishe uneminyaka engu-12 ubudala, kanti ineminyaka emibili ubudala unamazinyo angu-20 e-arsenal yakhe yokuhlafuna. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umntwana ubhema ukudla okuningi, uyazi ukunambitheka kwawo, umzimba ungakwazi ukuwathatha kahle futhi ugaye, njll. wonke ama-enzyme asevele akhiwe ngokugcwele. Yingakho udinga ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene ekudleni bese unikeza ingane imikhiqizo eningi kakhulu ekubunjweni.
Lapho umntwana eqala ukuhlafuna ukudla okuqinile, amajusi okugaya aqala ukunikezwa ngokweqile, ngakho-ke ukudla kuyancipha, kodwa kubalulekile ukujwayela kancane kancane ukufuna ukudla. Kubi kakhulu uma ingane engakafundi ukudla ukudla okudingeka ihlolwe, kuyoba nzima nakakhulu ukuba adle izithelo nemifino ngezicucu kanye nenyama.
Izingane zidla konke okufakwe efomini eligayiwe kuze kube unyaka, kodwa eminyakeni eyi-1.5 umntwana kufanele adle imifino ngendlela ehlaza futhi eqoshiwe, inyama ye-vikotkotlet, inyama ye-meatball ne-souffle, kanye nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-casseroles, nakuba zilula, kodwa zidinga ukuhlaziywa. Uma ingane ineminyaka engu-2 ubudala, ukudla kufanele kuvuselelwe futhi, manje kudingekile ukuba uqale ukunikeza ama-saladi kusuka kunhlanzi eluhlaza nokubilisiwe, ama-cutlets kanye ne-stew, futhi emva kweminyaka engu-2.6 ungamnika inyama ebilisiwe ngokuphepha, kodwa udinga ukukugaya.
Lapho uneminyaka engama-2.6 kuya eminyakeni emihlanu, ingane ingadla amagremu angama-100 ngosuku, hhayi echotshoziwe. Kungaba umlindo onjengokuthi: inyama ehlukahlukene ye-goulash enezitshalo ngosawoti, izaqathe kanye anyanisi, kanye ne-tangerine nemifino yemifino, lesi sidlo sibukeka njenge-goulash, amazambane kanye neminye imifino kuphela.
Kudingeka ukuhlukanisa ukudla, ngoba lokhu unganika ingane i-schnitzel, enomusa noma eqoshiwe, njll. njengama-cutlets noma inyama egayiwe, amaqebelengwane agcwele amaqebelengwane, nawo angase abe izingcezu ezigcobe zengulube. Inyama enjalo iqala ukuthosiwe emafutheni, bese isetshenziswe kahle. Ngenkathi eneminyaka eyisithupha umntwana kufanele adle amagremu angama-100 ezinkukhu noma inyama ngosuku, le nyama ingaba ethosiwe, ebilisiwe noma ethosiwe. Kuwusizo kakhulu ukuthi izingane zidle inyama enobandayo futhi ehlanzekile, ingaba i-turkey, i-veal noma yenkomo, ingulube, kodwa ngaphandle kwamafutha, unogwaja kanye ne-Ibaranin, ngaphandle kwalesi sidlo noma inyama yehhashi. Ngelinye igama, eneminyaka engu-6 ubudala, ingane ingashintsha ekudleni okukhulile okukhulile okugcwele.
Ukucubungula inyama yengane
Kubalulekile hhayi ukupheka, kodwa ukupheka kahle, ngoba, kuye ngokuthi indlela, izakhi zilahlekile noma zigcinwe. Akulona iqiniso ukuthi inyama eningi iyaphathwa ngokushisa, izinto eziwusizo kakhulu ziyanyamalala futhi uma inyama iphilile, khona-ke inyama evela kuleso wonke amavithamini, amaminerali kanye nezakhi zomzimba zisuswa. Inyama, enzima, udinga isikhathi eside noma ubilise, okusho ukuthi kuyasiza ukubulala kuyo. lokhu kungukudla kwengane, ngokulandelana, kukhona ingozi yesifo esithathelwanayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi inani lokudla okunomsoco lilahlekile uma inyama iboshwe noma ibilisiwe ezinqabeni ezinkulu. Ukuze ulondoloze umsoco, kunconywa ukuthi uqede inyama, kuyasiza kakhulu ukubhaka inyama phansi, futhi ukulungiselela inyama nama-meatballs noma ama-cutlet.
Iqiniso liwukuthi noma ngabe i-cutlet iyathosiwe, iqukethe inani lokudla okunomsoco ngaphezu kwesilwane esilusiwe, futhi uma i-cutlet ingeza isinkwa, izothatha ijusi namafutha avela enyameni lapho zonke izinto eziwusizo zigcinwa futhi zigcinwe. Uma i-cutlet isomisiwe kahle, khona-ke yenza i-crust brown, ngoba umuntu omdala lokhu kuhle, kodwa izingane ezinjalo zikhuphuka. Lena inkinga enzima kakhulu, ngoba i-membrane ye-mucous ye-esophagus ibonakaliswe kakhulu futhi ingane ibhekene nokuzwa okungathandeki, ukushisa. Yingakho izingane ezincane zinconywa ukuthi zipheke ama-cutlets, zibhaka noma zidumbuke, kuhle kakhulu ukupheka napar. Uma upheka inyama, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi ezinye zezinto ezizuzisayo (amavithamini, amahomoni, izidakamizwa ezanikeza izilwane) zingene ku-bbu. Ngaphezu kwalokhu okuqukethwe, ama-broth avuselela kakhulu ukugaya ukudla, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukukhawulela ukudla ku-broths enjalo. Lokhu kusebenza ezinganeni ezikhulile, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu kuze kube ngonyaka, ukugaya kwabo kuvele kuphela futhi kungase kuhlupheke.
Uma ufuna ukwenza isikhathi sokucubungula okushisayo, inyama kufanele ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Ukwenza lokhu, usike inyama ukuze uyikhulule emathethini, amafilimu kanye namafayili aqinile, uhlanza ngokuphelele ucezu futhi ulayishe. Kufanelekile ukuncoma ukuthi ube nemimese emihle yokusika eyokuvumela ukuba unqume noma iyiphi inyama ngokushesha futhi ifanelekile. Inyama efriziwe kufanele ifakwe kancane kancane, kuhhavini ye-microwave noma ekamelweni lokushisa, kepha kungenjalo emanzini, ngaphandle kwalokho inyama izolahlekelwa cishe zonke izinto eziwusizo.
Ukulungiselela inyama ye-sauce
Ukudla i-puree ingenye yezingubo zokuqala zokudla okuqinile, okuyinto ingane iqala ukudla kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-8 nangaphambili. Iqaliswa kancane kancane kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-20 amagremu, bese kuthi ama-20-40 amagremu ezinyangeni ezingu-9, njalo njalo ukwanda, ngonyaka unganika ama-60-70 amagremu ngosuku. Uma ungapheki amazambane ahlambulukile, lezo ezithengiswayo zifanelekile, kodwa kungcono ukuzenza wena, ikakhulukazi akulula.
Udinga inyama eluhlaza, kuye ngokuthi uneminyaka yengane, ngokushesha uqaphele ukuthi kuzokwehla izikhathi ezimbili ngesikhathi sokupheka. Uma ufuna ukuthola amagremu angama-60 womkhiqizo oqediwe unyaka ongu-1, bese uthatha amagremu angu-120 enyama ukupheka. Futhi udinga ibhotela - ama-gramu angu-2, ubisi luvutha ama-gramu angu-15 noma inani elifanayo lobisi ingxube. Inyama ingakabhidli izintambo kanye nefilimu, bese izigaxa bese zigcwalisa inyama ngamanzi, zibeke ibhodlela ngaphansi kwekhava. Kuzoze kube nini udoti kuncike ngobukhulu bezingcezu nhlobo lenyama oyisebenzisayo. Ingulube, i-veal noma i-rabbit, ngokuqinisekile, izopheka ngokushesha kunokwakheka noma inyamazane, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwehora futhi ingaphezu kweyodwa. Ngemva kokuba inyama isilungele, kufanele igaye nge-grinder yenyama, futhi ubuke i-grinder inyama ihlanzekile, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, udinga ukuphuza i-grinder yenyama ngamanzi abilayo. Ukuxubana nebhotela nobisi obusayo, khona-ke ubuningi bamazambane ahlambulukile buyofana. Ngemuva kokuba inyama ivulekile, amazambane ahlambulukile kufanele abekwe kuhhavini futhi abiliswe imizuzu engu-10. Uma ingane isifinyelele ezinyangeni eziyi-10 futhi isidlo esihle samazambane avamile, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuba wenze ukuhlukahluka kwesibindi bese uqeqesha ukudla okuqinile. Vele ungagaya inyama izikhathi eziningana, uphinde uyidlulise nge-grinder yenyama. Bese ubheka indlela ingane edla ngayo i-puree enjalo, uma engayifuni, bese ufaka imifino elula futhi enomsoco kulawo mazambane ahlambulukile.
Ukulungiswa kwe-souffle, inyama ye-meatball kanye ne-cutlets
Lapho uneminyaka engama-1 nengxenye ukuya eminyakeni engu-2.6, umntwana udinga ama-gramu angu-80 yenyama ngosuku, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukunikeza izigulane, i-soufflé nama-meatballs. Ngenxa yalokhu, sidinga inyama eluhlaza -160 g, isinkwa - 10 g, ibhotela - 4 g, ubisi obilisiwe-20 g. Qinisekisa ukucubungula inyama kusuka kumafilimu nama-tendon, udlule i-grinder ye-inyama, bese ubeka isinkwa esibucayi lapho futhi ugaye. Kulesi sici wengeze ubisi oluncane, bese wenza ama-cutlets. Ukupaka epanini noma ibhayi yokubhaka kufanele kuhlanganiswe ngamafutha amancane, ukuhambisa amanzi lapho, ukubeka ama-cutlets kanye nokuhamba ngaphansi kwesibopho esivaliwe isikhathi esingamahhafu.
Uma kune-steamer, lokhu kungcono kakhulu, ngakho-ke ungenza amanye ama-meatball ngemifino. Ku-steamer, lapho imizuzu engaba ngu-10 yenyama yezilwane yayilungisiwe, engeza imifino emanzini, bese ubilisa eminye imizuzu engu-15 uvula isembozo. Ukusebenzisa ummbizi, uma usuhlaza, ungangeza ilayisi elibilisiwe, bese ubeka ama-meatballs noma inyama ye-meatball ukhilimu omuncu we-fat fat content noma ukhilimu.
Umphefumulo olula. Kuye, udinga izinkukhu noma inyama yezilwane, ngokwanele amagremu angama-160, amaqanda inkukhu, ufulawa wekolweni - ama-gramu ayisithupha, ubisi - amagremu angu-20, ibhotela - amagremu angu-8. Ngemuva kokupheka inyama, kudinga ukugaya ama-namasorubke ngokuphindaphindiwe izikhathi ezimbalwa, bese ufaka ufulawa, i-egg yolk kanye nobisi, uhlanganise ubuningi, futhi owokugcina ukwengeza iqanda elikhishwe amaqanda kuze kube foam. Ngokubhaka, udinga ukubunjwa okugcobe ngamafutha, ufake ubukhulu kuwo bese ubeka le vutha imizuzu engu-20-30.
Indlela yokugcina nokushisa ukudla okuphelile
Ngokuvamile ukudla kuphekwe izinsuku ezimbalwa uma kunenhlanzi noma inyama. Uma upheka ngaphambi kokudla inyama futhi usuhlile, ungenza inyama enobisi noma uthathe izicucu, noma wenze i-azu, bese uyipakisha ngokuqinile bese ubanda ifriji. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi inyama efriziwe ingasuswa kuphela, njll. iqhwa, lihlukanise ngqo emalini efanele. Uma iqanda seluphekwe futhi lingekho ubisi kulo, khona-ke lingagcinwa esiqandisini egumbini elivuthayo, kodwa ngokuqinisekile livalwe ngokweqile. Kulesi simo, ukudla kuzohlala izinsuku ezingu-3.
Ngokuqondene nokudla okuhlanzekile, kufanele kuphekwe futhi kuphekwe ngokushesha, kanye nezitsha zemifino. Ukudla okuningi kugcinwa noma izikhathi eziningana zifudumala, amavithamini amancane namavithamini angaphakathi kuwo, ngakho-ke fudumele kancane, hhayi ingxenye yonke ephekiwe. Zama ukondla izingane njalo izitsha ezisanda kulungiselelwa - lesi yisiqinisekiso sempilo yengane.