Ngamunye wabo uphathwa kahle. Abantu abaningi okungenani kanye empilweni yabo baye babhekana nemiphumela yokuxhumana nodokotela. I-Dermatitis ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba. Igama elithi "contact dermatitis" lisetshenziswe uma ukuvuvukala kubangelwa ukuvezwa kwesikhumba semithi yamakhemikhali.
I-eczema noma i-dermatitis?
Amagama athi "dermatitis" nelithi "eczema" avame ukusetshenziswa njengamazwibela. Kodwa-ke, i-dermatitis ibizwa ngokuthi umonakalo wesikhumba kuphela ngenxa yokuvezwa kwe-agent enobuthi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-eczema, futhi, kungase kungabanjiswa nokucasuka yinoma yikuphi okungajwayelekile (okwenza okuvela ngaphandle). Zombili izinhlobo zokuxhumana dermatitis - ezicasulayo futhi ezigulayo - zivamile, kodwa i-dermatitis esuka ekucaseni isavamile kakhulu. Ezinye izinto zibangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba kunoma yimuphi umuntu, ikakhulukazi amakhemikhali asekhaya, amafutha, ama-alkalis kanye nezinhlayi zezitshalo, isibonelo ubuthi ivy. Ngisho namanzi anokuxhumana isikhathi eside ngesikhumba angenza njengento ecasulayo. Ngakho-ke, i-dermatitis enomsindo ingenzeka kunoma imuphi umuntu, nakuba abantu bengakwazi ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene - ngokuvamile ngekhanda elikhanyayo futhi ne-anamnesis yokungenwa kwemvelo, okubhekene ne-asthma ye-bronchial noma i-eczema.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu zokucasula i-dermatitis zingathuthuka iminyaka eminingi (isibonelo, uma umuntu exhumana nomzimba osebenzayo) kanye namahora amaningana (isibonelo, ngesenzo samanzi esitshalo). Izimpawu zifanayo: ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, ukuphazamiseka kwayo nokuhlukumeza. Uma kungabikho ukwelashwa, isimo siba yimifantu engapheli, imifantu ebonakalayo ivela esikhunjeni esikhukhulekile.
Ukwelapha
Isisekelo sokwelashwa ukuphela kokuxhumana nomfutho. Lezi zingaba izinyathelo ezilula, isibonelo egqoke amagilavu uma uhlanza. Abanye, noma kunjalo, bangadinga ushintsho olukhulu endleleni yabo yokuphila, kuze kuguqulwe umsebenzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zokuzivikela esikhwameni esithintekile kusiza ukwakha ukuvuvukala, kodwa akufaki isidingo sokuyeka ukuthintana nomzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa ukuvuvukala, amafutha e-steroid, njenge-hydrocortisone, asetshenziswa. Njengoba izinto ezibangela i-dermatitis ecasulayo inobuthi kubo bonke abantu, ukuqhuba izivivinyo zesikhumba sokugula kuyinto engafanele futhi kungenza kube nzima kakhulu isimo.
Izingozi Zezingozi
Ezinye izisebenzi zihlobene nengozi enkulu kakhulu yokuthola i-dermatitis ecasulayo, ngoba idinga ukuxhumana nezinto ezinobuthi noma ezicasulayo ngesikhathi somsebenzi. Imisebenzi enjalo ihlanganisa:
- ukwakhiwa;
- ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalela;
- imboni yokudla;
- ukuhlanza;
- sebenze ensimini;
- ukugqoka izinwele;
- sebenzisa ngensimbi;
- indaba ephrintiwe.
I-allergic contact dermatitis iqala kubantu abathile abayisimo esithile, ephephile kwabanye, kwezinye kubangela ukusabela okweqile. Ukwelashwa kufaka ukususwa koxhumana nabo ngezinqubo ze-allergen nezindawo zendawo. Umhlangano wokuqala ne-allergen kumuntu owodwa oholela ngaphambili uholela eqinisweni lokuthi ama-leukocyte "akhumbule isakhiwo salesi sifo. Ngokuxhumana okuphindaphindiwe nalo, ama-leukocyte akhiphe izinto ezikhethekile ezihloswe ekuqothulweni komzimba, okuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwesenzo sokuzibulala.
Ukuhlukunyezwa
I-allergic dermatitis ivame kakhulu. Abantu abanesifo sofuzo abakwazi ukugqoka izindwangu eziqukethe i-nickel. Ezinye izikhukhula zesikhumba zenzeka ngisho nasezindaweni zokuxhumana nezinsimbi zensimbi ze-bra noma i-jeans. Ezinye izifo ezivamile ziyingxenye yezimonyo, i-chrome (equkethwe ukuxubana kwamakhemikhali), i-lanolin (amafutha we-uboya) kanye neminye imithi elwa namagciwane. Ukusabela kwesikhumba ukuxhumana ne-allergen kufana nalokhu okucasulayo: ukuqhuma kuvela kwisayithi lokuxhumana emlandweni ovuthayo. Nge-dermatitis ye-allergic, noma kunjalo, ukuqhuma kungasakazeka ngaphesheya kwendawo yokuxhumana. I-reaction okuthiwa isiphambano esiphambanweni nayo ingenzeka. Isibonelo, umuntu onenkinga yokungathandabuzeki kwesinamoni angathuthukisa ukusabela kwi-peel orange. Kubantu abaningi abahlukunyezwa i-dermatitis, ukuphendula okunjalo kubangelwa izinto eziningana ezahlukene. Izivivinyo zesikhumba ukuhlolwa ziphumelela kakhulu ekuhloleni i-dermatitis yokuxhumana.
Ukuhlola
Esikhunjweni sesiguli kufakwa inani elingelona elincane lama-allergen ahlukahlukene isikhathi esingamahora angu-48. Ngaphezu kokuqeda izifo, udokotela ubona isimo sesikhumba samahora angu-48 alandelayo. Ukugxila okuncane kokuvuvukala kubonakala njengomphumela omuhle. Isivivinyo sokuhlunga isikhumba ngokuvamile senziwa esikhungweni sokugula. Ukwakhiwa kwezilonda ezivame kakhulu kuye ngokuthi izici zemvelo zesifunda zingahluka kanjani, ngakho-ke, isethi yezilwane eziphenywe nazo ziyahlukahluka. Ukwelapha i-dermatitis ye-allergen, ama-agent-softening agents kanye ne-steroids asetshenziselwa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-topical. Umkhiqizo wokwelapha akufanele ube nezinto ezingabangela izifo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi isiguli sigweme ukuxhumana ne-allergen esikhathini esizayo. Nakuba ukungezwani komzimba kungase kugcine sekuphelile, i-hypersensitivity ivame ukuqhubeka nokuphila.