Amathanga nezingulube ngokuvamile zifaka isandla ekukhuleni kwe-foci yokutheleleka, izinja namakati azinaki ngemuva kwazo. Ukuvuthwa kwalezi zilwane ngokuvamile kuvame kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kudlula kakhulu ukutheleleka kwezingulube namagundane. Okuyisingozi kakhulu izidumbu zabo ezithwalweni zomhlaba, okungaba umthombo wokutheleleka kwamagundane.
Ukwelashwa, kwanele ukuba umuntu adle inyama encane (15-20 g) yenyama. I-dose ebulalayo ingase ibe ukungenisa izibungu ezinamafutha eziningana zezinhlamvu ezingu-5 kilogram yesisindo somzimba. Esikhathini esiswini somuntu ngaphansi kwethonya lamagundumisi wejusi lokugaya ukudlala i-trichin nokuqothula nezimpungushe. Zidlula emathunjini amancane, lapho zikhula masinyane futhi emva kwezinsuku ezintathu ziphendukela emafomu avuthiwe ngokobulili.
Izibungu ezindala ziphazamisa ezindongeni zamathumbu, lapho kutholakala khona ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane, okukhiqiza izibungu eziphilayo ezingu-1500-2000 bese zifa. Izimpondo kanye negazi ne-lymph zithwalwa kuwo wonke umzimba (isikhathi sokufuduka sithatha amasonto angu-2-6) futhi sihlala emafetheni emisipha egxilile, ikakhulukazi e-diaphragm, emisipha ye-intercostal, emisipha ye-larynx nasemehlweni. I-larva ikhula ngokushesha, eduze kwayo i-capsule yesikhumba ehlangene yenziwa, lapho kutholakala khona usawoti wesikhumba. Izicubu zomzimba ezithintekayo nazo zibandakanya ekwakheni imvilophu. Ezingxenyeni, izibungu zihlala zisebenza iminyaka eminingi. Ukudlulela ohlelweni lokujikeleza, ikakhulukazi izitsha ezincane, zingalimaza futhi zidale ukubola kwamathambo.
Ezimweni ezinzima, lesi sifo singakwazi ukuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa, futhi ezimweni ezinzima kungenziwa ukubambezeleka kuze kube amasonto angu-5-8 noma ngaphezulu. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-45 emva kokutheleleka, isb. ngemuva kokudla inyama ethintekayo, umuntu unesimo esibi sempilo, ikhanda, ukushisa komzimba ngezinye izikhathi kufinyelela ku-39-40 °. Ngokuvamile, kuyisignali ejwayelekile yesifo. Cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo kukhona ukuvuvukala kwamajwabu amehlo, khona-ke ubuso.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-1-3 ngesikhathi sokunyakaza noma ngokucindezelwa, umuntu unemizwa emisipha. Egazini, okuqukethwe kwama-leukocyte eosinophilic (eosinophilia) kwanda. Nakuba izimpawu ezisemqoka ezibhalwe phansi azibonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi - ezimweni ezinzima, i-trichinosis ingaphutha nge-influenza, futhi ezimweni ezimbi ngezinye izikhathi kufana nesifo somkhuhlane we-typhoid. Ezifweni ezinzima, kungase kube nezinkinga: i-pneumonia, umonakalo emithanjeni yegazi kanye nasezintanjeni, ubuchopho, isisu senhliziyo, isibindi nezinso. Esikhathini esinzima kakhulu futhi esiyingozi saleso sifo yisikhathi lapho izibungu zihamba khona ngomzimba womuntu futhi isingeniso saso sibe yimfucumfucu ye-muscle ngokubunjwa kwama-capsules ezibalabala - izinkinga ezinkulu zingase zivele.
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesisekelo sokubonakaliswa kwempilo yesifo, ukutadisha igazi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezithile zokuxilonga (ukuphendula kwe-immunological). Kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi ngabe abantu ababhekene nalesi sifo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba lesi sifo sibe nengulube noma inyama yenyamazane. Uma kukhona izingcezu zenyama, kufanele zihlolwe ngempela. Kwezinye izimo ezingathandabuzeki zisebenza ekutadisheni imisipha yesiguli, ukukhipha ucezu oluthile lwesisindo ngokusebenzayo.
Ngenkathi ejwayelekile futhi enzima yesifo, abalimele kufanele babhedlela. Amacala amancane ale sifo angaphathwa ekhaya ngaphansi kokuqondiswa njalo kwesidakamizwa sesifo esithathelwanayo.
Izifo ezinzima kunzima ukubona
Izilwane nazo zingatheleleka ngenyama ngalezi zifo eziyingozi. Yiqiniso, ukuthi ihamba kanjani ezilwaneni, kuyilapho ingafundwa ngokucophelela, futhi ukuxilongwa empilweni kunzima ukubeka. Abahlengikazi bezilwane zathola ukuthi emasontweni amabili okuqala wesifo, isimo esijwayelekile, ukunciphisa ukudla, isifo sohudo, nokunciphisa okuthile ekutheni isisindo somzimba nsuku zonke kutholakale ezilwaneni. Egazini, ukwanda kwama-leukocyte eosinophilic kunqunywa. Ifomu eliyingozi lesi sifo liholela ekufeni kwesilwane, ikakhulukazi isikhathi esiyingozi sokuthuthukiswa kwamathumbu emathunjini noma isikhathi sokufaka izibungu ze-Trichinella emisipha. Ukuxilongwa okunembile kwenziwa kaningi ngemva kokucwaninga kwemisipha, lapho kutholakala khona khona i-trichinella.
Ungashiyi izidumbu zezilwane ezifile ngemuva kokukhipha izikhumba endaweni yendawo yokuhlala noma ehlathini. Lokhu kuzoba umthombo wokutheleleka kwezilwane zasemakhaya namagundane. Ukusebenzisa inyama yezilwane zasendle ukuze uthole ukudla okusemfuyweni kungenziwa kuphela emva kokuhlolwa ngokucophelela. Izidumbu zezilwane ezifile kufanele zishiswe, futhi, uma kunokwenzeka, zithunyelwe ezitshalweni zezihlahla.
Phakathi kwe-trichinella edlalayo isakazwa ngokudla izilwane ezithile kwabanye. Ngakho-ke, i -ermermine ne-weasel ingaba yisisulu sokufa, i-ferret nezinye izilwane zasendle, futhi lezi zilwane zidliwa yizimpungushe. I-Badger, i-fox, inja ye-raccoon, isithumba sasendle ingaba yisisulu sempisi. I-Trichinosis kusuka empisi, ibhere, i-lynx engenazo izitha, ingahamba emva kokufa kwayo. I-carrion ngokuvamile ayidliwanga yizilwane ezidliwayo nezimbizane zasendle, kodwa futhi nezinhlobo ezihlukene zezinduku nezilwane ezincelisayo.
Izinambuzane namagundane nazo ziyisixhumanisi ekusakazeni kwe-trichinella emvelweni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amagundane kukhona ukudla kubo bonke abadliwayo, kanye nezimpungushe nezinye izilwane eziningana, ifomu lezinkoma ezinamahlombe cishe ukudla okuyinhloko. Ochwepheshe ababhekene ne-Trichinella abatholakala kuma-protein, ama-rats amanzi, ama-voles ajwayelekile, ama-voles amahlathi abomvu, amahlathi nezinsimu zasendle. I-Larvae ye-Trichinella emisipha imelana nokushisa okuncane, ngakho-ke izidumbu ezinesifo se-trichinella zingaba umthombo wokutheleleka isikhathi eside ngisho nangenkathi ebandayo.
Okubalulekile empini yokulwa ne-trichinosis kunokuhlolwa okuncane kakhulu kwenyama yokutholakala kwezifo eziphilayo. E-Belarus, ngokusho komthetho wezilwane, inyama yengulube, kanye nokudla kwenyama, kufanele kube nokuhlolwa okuncane kakhulu eziteshini zokulawula inyama, ukukhiqiza inyama, izitshalo zokubulala kanye nokubulala. Ukutadisha kusuka ku-carcass ngayinye emilenzeni ye-diaphragm, ama-intercostal noma i-gastrocnemius imisipha yezingxube ezingama-24 zithathwa, ezichotshozwa phakathi kwezibuko (ku-compressor) futhi zihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Emakethe, amasampula ocwaningo angathathwa kunoma yiziphi izingcezu zenyama. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, inhlamba yokulawulwa kwezilwane kanye nokuhlanzeka kwemvelo ifakwa.
Uma okungenani i-Trichinella eyodwa itholakala ezingxenyeni ze-muscular, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhona yini, inyama ibhujiswe noma iya ekusebenziseni ubuchwepheshe. Abenzi bokuthengisa abathengisa inyama engekho cage badluliselwa enecala lobugebengu. I-Trichinella ibulawe uma ukupheka izingcezu zenyama kungabi ngaphezu kuka-8 cm ubukhulu okungenani amahora angu-2.5. Ukwelashwa okuvamile okushisa kwama-larva akubulali. Ukuqhwaza noma ukusawoti akuthinti ubukhulu bezimpungushe ze-Trichinella. Ekujuleni kolwandle olusawoti, bahlala ngaphezu konyaka. Akwanele futhi ukubhema ukubhujiswa kwabo okuphelele.
Kudingekile ukulandela imithetho yokugwema ukuthi ungayithinta kanjani inyama yelungu lomndeni wakho:
- qiniseka ukuthi uhlola i-trichinosis yesilwane;
- Ungathengi imikhiqizo yenyama nenyama ngaphandle kwezimboni, kanye nemikhiqizo yenyama yengulube engenazo izitembu noma izitifiketi zokuhlolwa kwezilwane kanye nezokuphepha;
- ukubhubhisa amagundane epulazini lamapulazi emkhakheni wangasese;
- inyama enonakele ne-Trichinella kumele ilahlwe
Isiguli esine-trichinosis asiyona ingozi kwabanye. Nokho, udinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.