Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i-placenta yakha futhi zonke izitho namathishu omntwana zibekwa, ngakho ingozi yokuthuthukisa ukukhubazeka komntwana iningi. Yiziphi antibiotics ezithatha owesifazane okhulelwe, thola esihlokweni esihlokweni esithi "Ngiziphi i-antibiotics engingayisebenzisela abesifazane abakhulelwe".
Ngalokhu engqondweni, odokotela banikeza izinhlobo eziphephile kakhulu zama-antibiotic eziye zavivinywa ngesikhathi. Esikhathini se-II ne-III semesters, imbangela yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ingase ibe yinkimbinkimbi yezifo ezingapheli ezifana ne-pyelonephritis ne-cystitis, "ukuvuswa" izifo, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, ukutheleleka kwegonococcal), kanye ne-chorioamnionitis - ukuvuvukala kwamagundane ngenxa yokutheleleka kwe-intrauterine . Ngemuva kweviki le-12, lapho isigaba esibaluleke kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa kwengane sidluliselwa, uhlu lwezidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha omama esikhathini esizayo lungandiswa. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-antibiotics, futhi akuzona zonke ezivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngendlela yokwenza izifo ezifweni, izidakamizwa ziyi-bactericidal ne-bacteriostatic. Okokubulala ama-microbes okulimazayo kuqala, okwesibili ukuyeka ukukhula kwawo. I-spectrum yesenzo se-antibiotics nayo ingahluka. Ngaleli pharamitha, bahlukaniswe ngamakilasi angu-5, ngalinye elilwa nohlobo oluthile lwamabhaktheriya e-pathogenic. Futhi, ekugcineni, ama-antibiotics ahluke emakhemikhali awo, ahlasele emaqenjini angu-12. Iningi labo linomthelela omubi emzimbeni wesifazane, futhi ekuthuthukiseni ingane. Amaqembu amathathu ama-antibiotic angenayo imiphumela embi emntwaneni angamaMomas azayo: iqembu lama-penicillins (penicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin), iqembu lama-cephalosparines (cefazolin, cefotaxime) neqembu lama-macrolide (i-erythromycin, i-josa-mizin). Ku-trimester yokuqala, lapho ingane isengozini kakhulu, odokotela bazama ukuthola nge-penicillins kanye ne-cephalosporins. Ngemuva kweviki le-12, ama-macrolide angasetshenziswa. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi igama, umuthi kufanele ukhethwe kuphela udokotela.
Amaqembu asele ase-antibiotic kwabesifazane abakhulelwe aphikisana, futhi ngenxa yalokho kunezizathu eziphoqelekile. I-Aminoglycosides (streptomycin, gentamicin) iphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinso nezinsiza zokuzwa zomntwana. I-Sulfonamides (ehlanganisa, ikakhulukazi, ethandwa kakhulu ngokuphathwa kwe-bronchitis biseptol) iyakwazi ukulimaza kakhulu umonakalo ohlelweni lwe-hematopoietic. Ama-tetracycline, ajwayele abaningi kusukela ebuntwaneni (tetracycline, doxycycline, vibramycin), angalimaza isibindi namama nomntwana, futhi umntwana angabangela umonakalo ongenakuguguleka koqweqwe lwamazinyo nokunciphisa ukukhula kwamathambo. Kodwa-ke, uma kuphakama umbuzo mayelana nokuphila nokufa, odokotela basindisa owesifazane nganoma iyiphi indlela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunobunikazi. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kuyingozi enganeni, kungase kube yinto edingekayo ekutheleleni izifo ezisongela ukufa (i-sepsis, i-pneumonia ejulile, i-meningitis). Ngezikhathi ezibucayi esimisweni somzimba sokuzivikela omzimba esabangelwa yisimo sokuzivikela, ngakho-ke umzimba wesifazane ngezinye izikhathi usuqeda ukukhulelwa, futhi imithi ayinandaba naso.
Umthamo omkhulu
Lapho ukhetha umama wesikhathi esizayo kunoma imuphi umuthi, kuhlanganise nemithi elwa namagciwane, odokotela kufanele bacabangele izinguquko ezibalulekile ezenzeka emzimbeni wakhe. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ivolumu yokujikeleza igazi ikhula, futhi izinso ziqala ukuthatha imithi ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuze kuzuzwe umthelela wokwelapha, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka bakhulise isilinganiso somuthi noma imvamisa yokuphathwa kwayo. Ukuthi ngeminyango enjalo kanye nesimiso imithi ibonakale ingenangozi, kuyinto efiselekayo yokwenza ukuhlaziywa kokuzwela emithini yokulwa namagciwane - isitshalo se-bacteriological. Izinto zokucwaninga zithathwe ezindaweni zokuhlala eziphethwe yisifo. Kungaba ukuhlwanyela emphinjeni, ukuhlwanyela i-microflora yesisu kusukela embelethweni, ukuhlwanyela umchamo noma igazi. Kodwa imiphumela kufanele ilinde isikhathi eside (kusukela ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezingu-10), ngakho-ke ezimweni eziphuthumayo, akusikho isikhathi sokwenza lokho kuhlaziywa.
Njenganoma imuphi umuthi, wonke ama-antibiotic anomiphumela emibi. Ngokuvamile lezi zidakamizwa zibangelwa ukwelashwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi empilweni sonke sibhekana nabo kaningi kunalokho esikucabangayo. Ama-antibiotics anqunyelwe ama-angina, amaningi "obuntwaneni" kanye nezifo zamathumbu. Lezi zidakamizwa ziphathwa kahle ngemfuyo, ngakho-ke zikhona ebisi nasenyama, esizidlayo. Phakathi neminyaka, umzimba unesikhathi sokuthuthukisa ama-antibiotics ngokuphendula ngegciwane lesimo sengculazi ngesimo sokungabi naso, kanti kulokhu odokotela kudingeka bakhethe ngokucophelela imithi. Enye yokunciphisa ama-antibiotic: abulali kuphela amabhaktheriya ayingozi, kodwa futhi abulale izitshalo ezincane eziwusizo emathunjini nasesiswini. Lokhu kungaholela ekuzivikelweni obuthakathaka, bese uqala ukukhulelwa kwamathumbu emathunjini noma ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu (ukuqothulwa, ukuhuda). Ngenhlanhla, kulula kakhulu ukuqeda le nkathazo: kwanele ngokufana nokuthatha ama-antibiotiki nokuthatha ama-probiotics amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuphela kwenkambo (Amakholomu, i-LEK, i-Bifiform, i-Ferrosan, i-Bifidumbacterin, i-Acipol, i-Atzilact) - izidakamizwa ezibuyisela izimbali zamathumbu namasondo, futhi badle imikhiqizo yobisi eminingi. Manje siyazi ukuthi yimaphi ama-antibiotics angasetshenziswa ngabesifazane abakhulelwe.