Iziphi izifo ze-gland yegciwane ezivame kakhulu?
Lezi zifo ezizimele - uma isimiso somzimba sokuvikela omzimba sibona amangqamuzana wegciwane angaphandle. Ngakho - ukuvuvukala emthonjeni wegciwane. Ingahambisana ne- hypothyroidism (isifo se-Graves-Bazedov) noma i-hyperthyroidism (isifo sikaHashimoto). Nge-hypothyroidism, i-gland yegciwane ayikhiqizi ama-hormone anele, ene-hyperthyroidism-kakhulu kakhulu. Omunye umholi ukwanda kwegciwane le-thyroid (goiter) ngokubunjwa kwama-nodes. E-Ukraine, izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-goiter zitholwa, i-autoimmune thyroiditis efanayo, futhi, umlavuza we-thyroid.
Yini ethinta impilo yengubo ye-thyroid?
Ukwanda kwegciwane le-thyroid kubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-iodine ekudleni. Ukuthinta kabi umzimba kanye neminye imithi (isibonelo, enqunyelwe ukwelashwa kwemizwa yenhliziyo kanye nokucindezeleka). Umdlavuza we-Thyroid ungathuthuka ngenxa ye-irradiation yendawo yentamo, ikakhulukazi ebuntwaneni. Ekuqaleni - ukuzalwa. Izifo ezizenzakalelayo zegciwane le-thyroid zithunyelwa ngomugqa wesifazane. Ungakhohlwa ngalokho esikukho. E-Ukraine, ukunyuka kweziphazamiso ohlelweni lwe-endocrine kuhlotshaniswa nemvelo engcolile kanye nengozi yaseChernobyl. Ukuthinta kabi le futha yensimbi yensimbi - iqukethe izinto eziyingozi ze-hydroxypyridines. Ihlaziya umsebenzi wegland we-thyroid kanye nokwanda kwe-lithium emanzini.
Isimo segciwane lengculazi sithinta kanjani isisindo somuntu?
Ukuntuleka kwamahomoni e-thyroid kuholela ekwandeni kwesisindo somzimba. Nge-hypothyroidism, umzimba usebenzisa amandla angaphansi - izakhi ezitholakalayo ngokudla zifakwa emahlakheni amafutha. Umsebenzi wezinso awunzima. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala kobuso nemilenze. Ukunciphisa umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca, kukhona ukukhathala okusheshayo. Konke lokhu kunomthelela kwisethi yamakhilogremu engeziwe. Nge-hyperthyroidism, umzimba wesimiso umzimba usebenza kakhulu - futhi isisindo sishaywa ngokushesha. Isifo esinjalo sithinta kakhulu inhliziyo nokujikeleza kwegazi, kubangele ukubola kwemisipha namathambo. Izifo ezingahambisani nezinguquko esimweni sokusebenza segciwane le-thyroid ngokuvamile aziholele ekuguqukeni kwesisindo somzimba.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ulahlekelwe isisindo kuleli cala ngosizo lwezidlo?
Lapho i-hypothyroidism kunzima ukulahlekelwa isisindo - ukuguquka komzimba emzimbeni kuncipha. Kudingekile ukuba kulungiswe izinga lamahomoni wegciwane ngosizo lwemithi. Uma ukwelapha ngama-hormone kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuqapha kwezinkomba zabo njalo egazini ukuze ushintshe umthamo wezidakamizwa ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukudla kuyobe kungenakusebenza. Njengomthetho, ukulungisa isimo se-hormonal kuyadingeka ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwe-endocrinologist.
Ungadla kanjani, ukuze ugcine ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwegciwane le-thyroid - futhi ugcine isibalo?
Udinga ukudla ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-iodine: izinhlanzi zasolwandle, i-shellfish nezinye izilwane zasolwandle. Ungasebenzisa usawoti e-iodidi, izithako zokudla ezifanelekile. Kodwa uma isifo segciwane sesivele sikhona, ukudla ukudla okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-iodine, ngokuphambene nalokho, akukhuthazwa. Abantu abanjalo kudingeka baxoxe nodokotela ophethe - mayelana nokudla nokudla okunamathelethi. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukudla imifino eminingi, izithelo nemikhiqizo yobisi. Akuyona into ebalulekile - isimo sengqondo esihle, esikhuthaza ukumunwa kwezakhi.
Ukwelapha
Nge-hypothyroidism, imithi ilawula izinga lamahomoni wegciwane. Ukuqeda i-hyperthyroidism, i-thyreostatics isetshenziswa. Lezi mithi zithathwa izinyanga ezimbalwa, ngoba zingakhuphula ukwanda kwegciwane le-thyroid, kanti ngezinye izikhathi zithinta kakhulu inqubo ye-hematopoiesis nesibindi somsebenzi. I-Hyperthyroidism iphathwa nge-radioiodine therapy: isiguli sisegumbini elivaliwe elikhethekile futhi sithola ama-capsules asebenzayo. E-University Hospital Freiburg, umnyango ovaliwe unamawadi angu-15. Ama-iodine emisakazo eqoqwe emangqamuzaneni wegciwane aveza i-beta nemisebe ye-gamma kuyo yonke ingqungquthela, futhi amangqamuzana ayo namaseli omzimba asakaze ngaphesheya kwawo abhujiswa. Amaseli we-gland yegciwane kuphela aphethwe yi-iodine esebenzisa i-radioactive ayithatha kuphela. Isimo segciwane sijwayelekile uma sekudlule amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuthola ukwelashwa kwe-radioiodine.
Funda futhi: ukwakhiwa kwekamelo lokuphumula nekamelo lokulala ekamelweni elilodwa